For cooking.If a bottle of oil says it's 100% pure does that mean it's refined?
the thing you have to remember about anything that say 100% of something doesnt make it better per say for example 100% olive oil doesnt mean anything because it could be made out of old reject olives that cant be made into anything else. most oils if they are refined will tell you and if not look for the word pressed. pressed is normaly a better oilIf a bottle of oil says it's 100% pure does that mean it's refined?
It might be refined or filtered, but 100% pure usually means that there are no other things in it. For example, if its 100% pure olive oil, there will be no other ingredients, including other types of oils. 100% pure vegetable oil will be only vegetable oils, no animal byproducts. Filtering and processing usually DO occur however to make it safe and clean for human consumption and prolonged storage.
Wednesday, April 28, 2010
Infant formula neocate is 57% corn syrup solids and 12% refined vegetable oil what does this mean to the kid?
this has been prescribed by a physician because of allergies to other formulas. the child is one year old.Infant formula neocate is 57% corn syrup solids and 12% refined vegetable oil what does this mean to the kid?
to the kid? absoultely nothing, they probably cant read and definitely dont understand.
to an adult... not much either... sounds like its probably ok, i am sure it was tried and tested.
to the kid? absoultely nothing, they probably cant read and definitely dont understand.
to an adult... not much either... sounds like its probably ok, i am sure it was tried and tested.
How is crude oil formed in the earth before being refined?
Below are links to sites that describe in detail the formation of crude oil. I hope this will help!
http://www.gi.alaska.edu/ScienceForum/AS鈥?/a>
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesiz鈥?/a>
http://triplediamondenergycorporation.bl鈥?/a>blush eyeshadow
http://www.gi.alaska.edu/ScienceForum/AS鈥?/a>
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesiz鈥?/a>
http://triplediamondenergycorporation.bl鈥?/a>
What is highly refined peanut oil versus hydronated oil?
Peanut oil has a very high ';smoke point';.
That is. You can heat it WAY up before it will begin to break down, smoke and eventually, burn. Refining peanut oil can have a number of meanings, but often, it means that impurities and lesser fractions of the oil are removed to actually increase the high heat tolerance.
Hydrogenating any fat involves whipping hydrogen into the fat in order to take up molecular ';spaces'; that allow the fat to become rancid and spoil. This is one of the reasons that margarine has remained on the scene. It just doesn't go bad (as butter does) for a considerable time.
The bad thing is: You can take a nice clean oil with no (or very little) trans-fat and hydrogenate it into a very bad, but long-lived and tasty fat that will rocket your cholesterol into the stratosphere.
It's a trade-off.
Best wishes!What is highly refined peanut oil versus hydronated oil?
Peanut oil is nutritionally similar to olive oil in the proportions of fatty acids it contains, being high in monounsaturates and low in saturates (SFA), with monounsaturated oleic acid (C18:1) predominating:
SFA MUFA PUFA MUFA + PUFA
Olive Oil 14.0 69.7 11.2 80.9
Peanut Oil 18.8 47.8 28.5 76.3
Both monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat have been shown to decrease total and LDL-cholesterol levels when substituted for saturated fat, reducing the risk of coronary heart disease. Unsaturated fats have also generally been shown to help lower blood cholesterol levels.
# Peanuts contain no cholesterol.
# It is generally accepted that the majority of fats consumed should be unsaturated and that reducing the intake of saturated fats is the key dietary factor in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Replacing saturated fats with monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats is more effective in preventing coronary heart disease in women than reducing overall fat intake.
This accords with the view that the ';Mediterranean diet';, in which monounsaturated fatty acids obtained from olive oil predominate and there are also high intakes of vegetables and fruit, is associated with lower rates of coronary heart disease.What is highly refined peanut oil versus hydronated oil?
Hydrogenated fat Sticks to the side walls of ur arteries..whereas peanut oil is sensitive oil and it should not be treated atheat since it looses uits nutrients..Refined usually means good stuff taken out of the oil so and bad stuff added..try juts plain peanut oil. Dont buy stuff with refined or hydrogenated written on it.
Peasnut I beleive has HDL (good cholestrol) and I think faaty acids..god for ur body on the other hand hydrogenated or refined stuff might have all good stuff taken out and bad added.
That is. You can heat it WAY up before it will begin to break down, smoke and eventually, burn. Refining peanut oil can have a number of meanings, but often, it means that impurities and lesser fractions of the oil are removed to actually increase the high heat tolerance.
Hydrogenating any fat involves whipping hydrogen into the fat in order to take up molecular ';spaces'; that allow the fat to become rancid and spoil. This is one of the reasons that margarine has remained on the scene. It just doesn't go bad (as butter does) for a considerable time.
The bad thing is: You can take a nice clean oil with no (or very little) trans-fat and hydrogenate it into a very bad, but long-lived and tasty fat that will rocket your cholesterol into the stratosphere.
It's a trade-off.
Best wishes!What is highly refined peanut oil versus hydronated oil?
Peanut oil is nutritionally similar to olive oil in the proportions of fatty acids it contains, being high in monounsaturates and low in saturates (SFA), with monounsaturated oleic acid (C18:1) predominating:
SFA MUFA PUFA MUFA + PUFA
Olive Oil 14.0 69.7 11.2 80.9
Peanut Oil 18.8 47.8 28.5 76.3
Both monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat have been shown to decrease total and LDL-cholesterol levels when substituted for saturated fat, reducing the risk of coronary heart disease. Unsaturated fats have also generally been shown to help lower blood cholesterol levels.
# Peanuts contain no cholesterol.
# It is generally accepted that the majority of fats consumed should be unsaturated and that reducing the intake of saturated fats is the key dietary factor in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Replacing saturated fats with monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats is more effective in preventing coronary heart disease in women than reducing overall fat intake.
This accords with the view that the ';Mediterranean diet';, in which monounsaturated fatty acids obtained from olive oil predominate and there are also high intakes of vegetables and fruit, is associated with lower rates of coronary heart disease.What is highly refined peanut oil versus hydronated oil?
Hydrogenated fat Sticks to the side walls of ur arteries..whereas peanut oil is sensitive oil and it should not be treated atheat since it looses uits nutrients..Refined usually means good stuff taken out of the oil so and bad stuff added..try juts plain peanut oil. Dont buy stuff with refined or hydrogenated written on it.
Peasnut I beleive has HDL (good cholestrol) and I think faaty acids..god for ur body on the other hand hydrogenated or refined stuff might have all good stuff taken out and bad added.
Can we refine snake oil and run our cars on it? ?
there seems to be plenty of it on our home soil, and we don't even have to drill for it.Can we refine snake oil and run our cars on it? ?
we could but it would take 5-10 months to benefit us so the hell with it Can we refine snake oil and run our cars on it? ?
Probably, but there isn't nearly enough of it to produce anything close to what is needed to supply a fleet of automobiles.
Liberals are developing a car that runs on Patchouli. God bless 'em.
cons would love for you to think so.
we could but it would take 5-10 months to benefit us so the hell with it Can we refine snake oil and run our cars on it? ?
Probably, but there isn't nearly enough of it to produce anything close to what is needed to supply a fleet of automobiles.
Liberals are developing a car that runs on Patchouli. God bless 'em.
cons would love for you to think so.
How many liters of petrol or diesel can be refined from 1 barrel of crude oil?
The barrel (abbreviated bbl) is the name of several units of measurement.
* Oil barrel: 42 U.S. gallons, 158.9873 litres[1], or approximately 35 Imperial gallons (34.97231575 exactly).
This is used for crude oil or other petroleum products. The measurement originated in the early Pennsylvania oil fields. Both the 42-gallon barrels (based on the old English wine measure, the tierce) and the 40-gallon (151.4 liters) whiskey barrels were used. The 40-gallon barrel was the most common size early, but companies often underfilled them with less. However, the Standard Oil Company shipped its oil in barrels that always contained exactly 42 gallons. Customers began to refuse to accept anything less and by 1866 the oil barrel was standardized at 42 gallons. Since Standard Oil painted its barrels blue, it was abbreviated ';bbl'; for ';blue barrel';. The Standard Oil monopoly was broken up into 34 different companies in 1911 and oil has not been shipped in barrels for a very long time[2], but today the ';blue barrel'; is still the standard unit for measurement and pricing of oil.
* UK beer barrel: 36 UK gallons (163.7 L)
* US beer barrel: 31 U.S. gallons (117.3 L), the result of tax law definitions.
* US non-beer liquid barrel: 31.5 U.S. gallons (119.2 L), half a hogshead.
* US dry barrel: 105 dry quarts (115.6 L).How many liters of petrol or diesel can be refined from 1 barrel of crude oil?
I wondered the same thing last week. it came out to about 19.4 gallons (if not, it's real close.)
* Oil barrel: 42 U.S. gallons, 158.9873 litres[1], or approximately 35 Imperial gallons (34.97231575 exactly).
This is used for crude oil or other petroleum products. The measurement originated in the early Pennsylvania oil fields. Both the 42-gallon barrels (based on the old English wine measure, the tierce) and the 40-gallon (151.4 liters) whiskey barrels were used. The 40-gallon barrel was the most common size early, but companies often underfilled them with less. However, the Standard Oil Company shipped its oil in barrels that always contained exactly 42 gallons. Customers began to refuse to accept anything less and by 1866 the oil barrel was standardized at 42 gallons. Since Standard Oil painted its barrels blue, it was abbreviated ';bbl'; for ';blue barrel';. The Standard Oil monopoly was broken up into 34 different companies in 1911 and oil has not been shipped in barrels for a very long time[2], but today the ';blue barrel'; is still the standard unit for measurement and pricing of oil.
* UK beer barrel: 36 UK gallons (163.7 L)
* US beer barrel: 31 U.S. gallons (117.3 L), the result of tax law definitions.
* US non-beer liquid barrel: 31.5 U.S. gallons (119.2 L), half a hogshead.
* US dry barrel: 105 dry quarts (115.6 L).How many liters of petrol or diesel can be refined from 1 barrel of crude oil?
I wondered the same thing last week. it came out to about 19.4 gallons (if not, it's real close.)
Where will all the oil be refined at now there will be so much from?
offshore drilling if it passesWhere will all the oil be refined at now there will be so much from?
Not too sure, it is possible just off the shore of TX in the Gulf of Mexico.Where will all the oil be refined at now there will be so much from?
An excellent question since there have been no new refineries built in the last 30 years. Most of the oil would would just substitute for oil from the Middle East. So it could go through the current refineries available. Since demand is going to increase whatever is done, there will be a need for new refineries.
Not too sure, it is possible just off the shore of TX in the Gulf of Mexico.Where will all the oil be refined at now there will be so much from?
An excellent question since there have been no new refineries built in the last 30 years. Most of the oil would would just substitute for oil from the Middle East. So it could go through the current refineries available. Since demand is going to increase whatever is done, there will be a need for new refineries.
Ethanol Blends vs 100% Oil refined Gasoline?
Two part Question: What is the price point of Ethanol, or how high does a Barrel of OIL have to go to make the Oil / Gas refiners use more Ethanol? Should the US Government subsidize Ethanol Refiners or the Corn Growers to make Ethanol use grow faster? To simplify my thought or question, how can we make a gallon of Ethanol more attractive as an additive to blended fuel, vs 100% Oil based Gasoline?Ethanol Blends vs 100% Oil refined Gasoline?
Well, right now blends of %26lt;= 10% ethanol are commonly used to help lower emissions.
To use more than that, some changes to the fuel systems in cars would have to be made, and this is probably the biggest hurdle.
The government already subsidizes the development of better ethanol producing techniques, and in my opinion this is all they should do. As soon as the technology advances enough to make enough ethanol at a low enough price to be competitive with oil, it will begin to take more of a market share as an energy source. Forcing ethanol, or any product for that matter, to be competitive simply by throwing tax dollars at it is not good thing and will only create more problems in the long run.Ethanol Blends vs 100% Oil refined Gasoline?
The answer to your questions go back to before the demise of the USSR. Did you know that the Decatur, IL was one of the top five non-military targets of the soviets (in case of nuclear war)?
It's the location of ADM's headquarters. Look anywhere on your supermarket shelves. Almost any product is sweetened with high-fructose corn syrup! The Soviets knew what would happen to our economy if they wiped out production of corn sugar.
This reaches even further. In the nineties, the price of bulk cane sugar was about $0.12 per pound on the world market. The US would have to import cane sugar for all of our uses.
ADM lobbied and won to place a tarif on cane sugar. That tarif brought the price of cane sugar to over $0.20 per pound. ADM then sells their bulk corn sugar at $0.19 per pound.
A sad ending to Brach Candies in Chicago a couple of years ago. Hard candies require cane sugar for flavor and consistancy. They could no longer compete with purchasing imported cane sugar. So....they moved their factory and jobs to Mexico.
Now, who do you think makes most of the ethanol in this country? Who do you think still lobbies for protection of ethanol/corn sugar?
The production of ethanol is also a wash. It's not an energy savior.
With fertilizer for the corn, planting and harvesting, fermentation time, distillation (requiring heat): It takes about the amount of energy within a gallon of ethanol to produce a gallon of ethanol. So why advertise it as a big help? Ask ADM about their sales of ethanol. Of course, they want Americans to think ethanol is going to help with the price we're paying at the pump. It's not.
OK, if very inexpensive coal is used as energy for most of the production of ethanol, the wash shifts some automobile fuel from gasoline to ethanol and then onto coal. It's still a wash energy wise.
Well, right now blends of %26lt;= 10% ethanol are commonly used to help lower emissions.
To use more than that, some changes to the fuel systems in cars would have to be made, and this is probably the biggest hurdle.
The government already subsidizes the development of better ethanol producing techniques, and in my opinion this is all they should do. As soon as the technology advances enough to make enough ethanol at a low enough price to be competitive with oil, it will begin to take more of a market share as an energy source. Forcing ethanol, or any product for that matter, to be competitive simply by throwing tax dollars at it is not good thing and will only create more problems in the long run.Ethanol Blends vs 100% Oil refined Gasoline?
The answer to your questions go back to before the demise of the USSR. Did you know that the Decatur, IL was one of the top five non-military targets of the soviets (in case of nuclear war)?
It's the location of ADM's headquarters. Look anywhere on your supermarket shelves. Almost any product is sweetened with high-fructose corn syrup! The Soviets knew what would happen to our economy if they wiped out production of corn sugar.
This reaches even further. In the nineties, the price of bulk cane sugar was about $0.12 per pound on the world market. The US would have to import cane sugar for all of our uses.
ADM lobbied and won to place a tarif on cane sugar. That tarif brought the price of cane sugar to over $0.20 per pound. ADM then sells their bulk corn sugar at $0.19 per pound.
A sad ending to Brach Candies in Chicago a couple of years ago. Hard candies require cane sugar for flavor and consistancy. They could no longer compete with purchasing imported cane sugar. So....they moved their factory and jobs to Mexico.
Now, who do you think makes most of the ethanol in this country? Who do you think still lobbies for protection of ethanol/corn sugar?
The production of ethanol is also a wash. It's not an energy savior.
With fertilizer for the corn, planting and harvesting, fermentation time, distillation (requiring heat): It takes about the amount of energy within a gallon of ethanol to produce a gallon of ethanol. So why advertise it as a big help? Ask ADM about their sales of ethanol. Of course, they want Americans to think ethanol is going to help with the price we're paying at the pump. It's not.
OK, if very inexpensive coal is used as energy for most of the production of ethanol, the wash shifts some automobile fuel from gasoline to ethanol and then onto coal. It's still a wash energy wise.
How many gallons of gas can be refined from a barrell of oil?
Each 42 gallon barrel makes about 19陆 gallons of gasoline.How many gallons of gas can be refined from a barrell of oil?
19.2 gallons.How many gallons of gas can be refined from a barrell of oil?
19 or 20 gallons per barrel.
Approximatly 44
45 gallons
One barrel of crude = 42 gallons.
Of that, about 51.4% can be refined to gasoline, which yields 21.5 gallons.
Different refineries will yield slightly different results.
http://www.energy.ca.gov/gasoline/whats_鈥?/a>
1. that's why gas is at $100/gallon!blush eyeshadow
19.2 gallons.How many gallons of gas can be refined from a barrell of oil?
19 or 20 gallons per barrel.
Approximatly 44
45 gallons
One barrel of crude = 42 gallons.
Of that, about 51.4% can be refined to gasoline, which yields 21.5 gallons.
Different refineries will yield slightly different results.
http://www.energy.ca.gov/gasoline/whats_鈥?/a>
1. that's why gas is at $100/gallon!
How many gallons of gasoline can be refined out of a barrel of crude oil?
how many gallons of gasoline can be refined out of a barrel of crude oilHow many gallons of gasoline can be refined out of a barrel of crude oil?
According to this authority, it is about 19.5 gallons, but it depends on the type of crude:
http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/en鈥?/a>
.
According to this authority, it is about 19.5 gallons, but it depends on the type of crude:
http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/en鈥?/a>
.
Is there a block diagram for raw oil (in the ground) to refined gasoline Automobile use)?
I would just like to know the work flow.Is there a block diagram for raw oil (in the ground) to refined gasoline Automobile use)?
I do know that the crude oil is refined through distillation processes so that the practically non-volatile portion is separated as tar and asphalt. Also, a few extremely volatile compounds are removed for other chemical uses. The remainder (about 78%) becomes gasoline.Is there a block diagram for raw oil (in the ground) to refined gasoline Automobile use)?
You can go to this website:
http://science.howstuffworks.com/oil-ref鈥?/a>
and put together your own diagram. It has some for various phases of the process, but you should be able to combine them on your own.
By the way: ';raw oil (in the ground)'; is called ';crude oil';.
I do know that the crude oil is refined through distillation processes so that the practically non-volatile portion is separated as tar and asphalt. Also, a few extremely volatile compounds are removed for other chemical uses. The remainder (about 78%) becomes gasoline.Is there a block diagram for raw oil (in the ground) to refined gasoline Automobile use)?
You can go to this website:
http://science.howstuffworks.com/oil-ref鈥?/a>
and put together your own diagram. It has some for various phases of the process, but you should be able to combine them on your own.
By the way: ';raw oil (in the ground)'; is called ';crude oil';.
How many gallons of gas do you get from one barrel of crude oil after being refined?
fast!!How many gallons of gas do you get from one barrel of crude oil after being refined?
It depends on the grade of the crude oil. There are various web pages, each of them apparently believing that it is describing ';typical'; crude oil, which quote gasoline percentage yields from 25 to 50 including 30, 40, and 45 along the way. So in U.S. gallons, that would be from 10.5 to 21 gallons of gasoline per 42-gallon barrel of crude.
However, that initial figure is a so-called ';straight run'; figure, where all the hydrocarbons which are too heavy to be in gasoline are merely separated out. The huge ';catalytic cracker'; columns in oil refineries fragment these heavies into light enough hydrocarbons to include in the gasoline, so the final yield should be from 40 to 75 per cent. It still depends on the grade of crude which you start with.
';Heavy'; and ';light'; here refer to the number of carbon atoms per molecule in each compound. C5 and less are gases, especially C3 propane and C4 butane. C8 is ';octane';, so the gasoline-grade liquids are around there, then the heavier liquids are diesel oil, heating oil, and bunker oil for ships.
So it all depends not just on the grade of crude, but on economics, the time of year, and even the weather. The markets for each weight of component are seasonal, so in the summer, it might be economical to crack some extra heavy components into holiday motoring fuel, but in winter to just market them directly as heating oil instead.How many gallons of gas do you get from one barrel of crude oil after being refined?
17.6
It depends on the grade of the crude oil. There are various web pages, each of them apparently believing that it is describing ';typical'; crude oil, which quote gasoline percentage yields from 25 to 50 including 30, 40, and 45 along the way. So in U.S. gallons, that would be from 10.5 to 21 gallons of gasoline per 42-gallon barrel of crude.
However, that initial figure is a so-called ';straight run'; figure, where all the hydrocarbons which are too heavy to be in gasoline are merely separated out. The huge ';catalytic cracker'; columns in oil refineries fragment these heavies into light enough hydrocarbons to include in the gasoline, so the final yield should be from 40 to 75 per cent. It still depends on the grade of crude which you start with.
';Heavy'; and ';light'; here refer to the number of carbon atoms per molecule in each compound. C5 and less are gases, especially C3 propane and C4 butane. C8 is ';octane';, so the gasoline-grade liquids are around there, then the heavier liquids are diesel oil, heating oil, and bunker oil for ships.
So it all depends not just on the grade of crude, but on economics, the time of year, and even the weather. The markets for each weight of component are seasonal, so in the summer, it might be economical to crack some extra heavy components into holiday motoring fuel, but in winter to just market them directly as heating oil instead.How many gallons of gas do you get from one barrel of crude oil after being refined?
17.6
What is the most refined product that is made from oil?
PlasticWhat is the most refined product that is made from oil?
Gasoline, but it's because the modern refining process can chemically change what would have been other products into gasoline in a process called cracking.What is the most refined product that is made from oil?
Not sure, look up refraction or distillation. I remember seeing a pic of a refinery, and it listed the products, from top to bottom. I think crude oil was at the bottom.
Pitch / Asphalt It is about the last to come thing to come out of the refinery.
Gasoline, but it's because the modern refining process can chemically change what would have been other products into gasoline in a process called cracking.What is the most refined product that is made from oil?
Not sure, look up refraction or distillation. I remember seeing a pic of a refinery, and it listed the products, from top to bottom. I think crude oil was at the bottom.
Pitch / Asphalt It is about the last to come thing to come out of the refinery.
When you refine a barrel of oil what do you get out of it?
do you get all oil or gas whats the breakdownWhen you refine a barrel of oil what do you get out of it?
You get about 19.5 gallons of gasoline. The remainder falls into heavier and lighter distillates such as diesel fuel/home heating oil (they're the same), kerosene, and chemical feedstocks. Below is a link to an excellent page from the Department of Energy on how crude oil is processed into usable form. It's a ';kid's page';, but I'm in the oil business and I refer to this all the time! Scroll down to where you see the barrel and just below are some of the product petroleum is used to create.
There's also a link to other DOE brochures I've found useful.When you refine a barrel of oil what do you get out of it?
i think you'll be amazed at what comes out of petroleum.
You get lots of products from the refining process. About half is gasoline, one-quarter is fuel oil, while the remaining quarter is split among still gas, kerosene, lubricating oil, etc.
The process can also be adjusted to produce more of one product as opposed to another. In Europe, the refining process is generally geared to give more fuel oil (diesel), reflecting the high percentage of diesel-powered vehicles in that part of the world.
You get about 19.5 gallons of gasoline. The remainder falls into heavier and lighter distillates such as diesel fuel/home heating oil (they're the same), kerosene, and chemical feedstocks. Below is a link to an excellent page from the Department of Energy on how crude oil is processed into usable form. It's a ';kid's page';, but I'm in the oil business and I refer to this all the time! Scroll down to where you see the barrel and just below are some of the product petroleum is used to create.
There's also a link to other DOE brochures I've found useful.When you refine a barrel of oil what do you get out of it?
i think you'll be amazed at what comes out of petroleum.
You get lots of products from the refining process. About half is gasoline, one-quarter is fuel oil, while the remaining quarter is split among still gas, kerosene, lubricating oil, etc.
The process can also be adjusted to produce more of one product as opposed to another. In Europe, the refining process is generally geared to give more fuel oil (diesel), reflecting the high percentage of diesel-powered vehicles in that part of the world.
Which country refined the oil and sent gas to Nazis tanks and aircraft? and obtained more echonomical benefts?
Iraq , due to the raising of the ba'ath party removing the royal family from Iraq with the help of the Nazis to make sure they got oilWhich country refined the oil and sent gas to Nazis tanks and aircraft? and obtained more echonomical benefts?
Whats an ';Echonomical Benefts';?Which country refined the oil and sent gas to Nazis tanks and aircraft? and obtained more echonomical benefts?
Romania was nazi oil producer. The nazi also synthesized their own synthetic fuel and rubber from coal products, inside Germany and Poland.
The USSR (1939-41) assisted with ore and mineral imports.
Spain (particularly in 1936-41) assisted with minerals as did Sweden (from 1943 onward Sweden supplied nazi germany with 90% of its ore and ball bearings). Norway also had some input via heavy water production.blush eyeshadow
Whats an ';Echonomical Benefts';?Which country refined the oil and sent gas to Nazis tanks and aircraft? and obtained more echonomical benefts?
Romania was nazi oil producer. The nazi also synthesized their own synthetic fuel and rubber from coal products, inside Germany and Poland.
The USSR (1939-41) assisted with ore and mineral imports.
Spain (particularly in 1936-41) assisted with minerals as did Sweden (from 1943 onward Sweden supplied nazi germany with 90% of its ore and ball bearings). Norway also had some input via heavy water production.
China to raise prices of refined oil, electricity?
China's top economic planner announced Thursday night the country will raise the prices of gasoline, diesel oil, aviation kerosene and electricity, revealing an unprecedented broad plan to raise energy prices.
How do you think of it?
more: http://en.resources.madeinchina.com/focus/776961.shtmlChina to raise prices of refined oil, electricity?
I am playing big on oil trading. I’m from Morgan Stanly, or Goldman %26amp; Sachs, or any big firms on the Wall Street .
I bought millions and millions of barrels of oil when they cost $60--$100 a barrel. I expect to make a kill when I sell. But right now it’s only $135 a barrel. So here is my difficulty No.1 :
Congress is now investigating on oil speculation, I am afraid of being caught. But if I sell them right now, I would end up with little or no profit since the trading fees and hedge fund managing cost are not cheap.
I already request my agents send the spin out to the media, like: “Oil future looks high, expecting to be in the range of $200 a barrel soon. ” But it does not work price up as fast as I expected.
So my question is this: How do I corner the market price up in time so not to get caught by Congress.?
For your info: Prof. Michael Greenberger’s testimony before Senate makes me very nervous. He said: ‘If speculation were reined in and trading rules tightened, the cost of crude oil could drop 25 percent.” http://www.mcclatchydc.com/staff/les_blu…
My lobby firm can work Republican party to stall passing the laws, but I am not sure for how long. I am very fearful and worried. What are the options for me ? Please advise.
How do you think of it?
more: http://en.resources.madeinchina.com/focus/776961.shtmlChina to raise prices of refined oil, electricity?
I am playing big on oil trading. I’m from Morgan Stanly, or Goldman %26amp; Sachs, or any big firms on the Wall Street .
I bought millions and millions of barrels of oil when they cost $60--$100 a barrel. I expect to make a kill when I sell. But right now it’s only $135 a barrel. So here is my difficulty No.1 :
Congress is now investigating on oil speculation, I am afraid of being caught. But if I sell them right now, I would end up with little or no profit since the trading fees and hedge fund managing cost are not cheap.
I already request my agents send the spin out to the media, like: “Oil future looks high, expecting to be in the range of $200 a barrel soon. ” But it does not work price up as fast as I expected.
So my question is this: How do I corner the market price up in time so not to get caught by Congress.?
For your info: Prof. Michael Greenberger’s testimony before Senate makes me very nervous. He said: ‘If speculation were reined in and trading rules tightened, the cost of crude oil could drop 25 percent.” http://www.mcclatchydc.com/staff/les_blu…
My lobby firm can work Republican party to stall passing the laws, but I am not sure for how long. I am very fearful and worried. What are the options for me ? Please advise.
Why do we ship american oil overseas to be refined,when we have refineries here in the USA?
Because we don't have enough here in the USA, and the dems won't allow us to build anymore. So, thank the left for the high price of gas.Why do we ship american oil overseas to be refined,when we have refineries here in the USA?
Several reasons include technical and economic factors.
1. The crude petroleum is sold to the highest bidder, not the nearest bidder
2. There are different kinds of crude oil, such as sweet/light and dark/heavy. They have different applications and uses.
3. Different kinds of refining processes are needed to make different products from the crude oil. Petroleum is processed to make lots of products other than gasoline, like plastics and asphalt.
4. Politics
Why do we ship american jobs overseas when we have unemployed and under-employed people here in the USA?Why do we ship american oil overseas to be refined,when we have refineries here in the USA?
Ask Jimmy Carter about that one!
Because many democrates are beholden to environmentalist. My father worked at a chemical plant for 40 years, and I can tell you that you couldn't take a piss without it being detoxified. These new plants are so environmentally safe, that we should be building them by the dozen.
Our refineries are working at max capacity 24/7
Several reasons include technical and economic factors.
1. The crude petroleum is sold to the highest bidder, not the nearest bidder
2. There are different kinds of crude oil, such as sweet/light and dark/heavy. They have different applications and uses.
3. Different kinds of refining processes are needed to make different products from the crude oil. Petroleum is processed to make lots of products other than gasoline, like plastics and asphalt.
4. Politics
Why do we ship american jobs overseas when we have unemployed and under-employed people here in the USA?Why do we ship american oil overseas to be refined,when we have refineries here in the USA?
Ask Jimmy Carter about that one!
Because many democrates are beholden to environmentalist. My father worked at a chemical plant for 40 years, and I can tell you that you couldn't take a piss without it being detoxified. These new plants are so environmentally safe, that we should be building them by the dozen.
Our refineries are working at max capacity 24/7
Which is better for hair growth? Unrefined Coconut Oil or Refined Coconut Oil?
neither will help with hair growth. might make your hair shinier but won't grow it.Which is better for hair growth? Unrefined Coconut Oil or Refined Coconut Oil?
check the links below for natural homemade beauty tips to:-- At home Hot oil treatment recipes
http://geebal.blogspot.com/2007/05/hot-o鈥?/a>Which is better for hair growth? Unrefined Coconut Oil or Refined Coconut Oil?
VEGETABLE OIL
Of course unrefined coconut oil
unrefined oil is gud
The unrefined coconut oil
check the links below for natural homemade beauty tips to:-- At home Hot oil treatment recipes
http://geebal.blogspot.com/2007/05/hot-o鈥?/a>Which is better for hair growth? Unrefined Coconut Oil or Refined Coconut Oil?
VEGETABLE OIL
Of course unrefined coconut oil
unrefined oil is gud
The unrefined coconut oil
Where to purchase Re-refined Motor OIL state of OH
I am unable to locate a distributor of Re-refined motor Oil in the State of OH 1Qt size?Where to purchase Re-refined Motor OIL state of OH
Follow link below:
Follow link below:
Can refined linseed oil used as wood polish?
Would'nt use it as a ';polish' or final finish.
Can be used as a preservative.
A drying oil finish will do both.Can refined linseed oil used as wood polish?
I don't think so, linseed oil is pretty flamable, and to use enough to make it shine would probably over saturate, and possibly spontaneously ignite.
Read the label is your best bet
Can be used as a preservative.
A drying oil finish will do both.Can refined linseed oil used as wood polish?
I don't think so, linseed oil is pretty flamable, and to use enough to make it shine would probably over saturate, and possibly spontaneously ignite.
Read the label is your best bet
I`m a type 2 diabetic patient.is it healthier if i use non refined sunflower oil for cooking?
I think you are spending too much time in health food store. Canola, olive oil and vegetable sprays would be both healthier and more cost effective.
Deep frying requires a high flash point, so commercial restaurants use peanut oil or oils such as Frymax which have better long term results. If you are trying to maintain weight loss, you won't be deep frying. Canola oil breaks down so it isn't good for anything but salads and normal cooking, but not frying. Olive oil has a low flash point, so it can't be used for anything hotter than sauteing.I`m a type 2 diabetic patient.is it healthier if i use non refined sunflower oil for cooking?
AS a type 2 your health is determined by the amount of glucose you need or do not need to consume. Oil does not constitute a glucose substance.I`m a type 2 diabetic patient.is it healthier if i use non refined sunflower oil for cooking?
I hear that rapeseed oil is much better than sunflower oil. Something to do with it being mono as apposed to polyunsaturated. Look it up on the web.
Oils for cooking have absolutely nothing to do with healthy eating for type 2 diabetics! Oils are only for keeping stuff from sticking to the cooking pan.
I use butter and very little of that! It is a natural fat with no preservatives in it.
Yes. It will not immediately affect your blood glucose level one way or another. But, avoiding heavy, fatty oils (like vegetable oil) when cooking may help you to lose weight - which will help better manage blood sugar in the long run.
hi, ok, im a guy who worked in Venture Era group and im confident that my product will help u.. Its proven that diabetis ppl have recovered. im not asking u to buy but would u mind to gif me some time to hear about our product? take it into consideration.. if u trust me can u gif me ur contact number u can email it to me? thxblush eyeshadow
Deep frying requires a high flash point, so commercial restaurants use peanut oil or oils such as Frymax which have better long term results. If you are trying to maintain weight loss, you won't be deep frying. Canola oil breaks down so it isn't good for anything but salads and normal cooking, but not frying. Olive oil has a low flash point, so it can't be used for anything hotter than sauteing.I`m a type 2 diabetic patient.is it healthier if i use non refined sunflower oil for cooking?
AS a type 2 your health is determined by the amount of glucose you need or do not need to consume. Oil does not constitute a glucose substance.I`m a type 2 diabetic patient.is it healthier if i use non refined sunflower oil for cooking?
I hear that rapeseed oil is much better than sunflower oil. Something to do with it being mono as apposed to polyunsaturated. Look it up on the web.
Oils for cooking have absolutely nothing to do with healthy eating for type 2 diabetics! Oils are only for keeping stuff from sticking to the cooking pan.
I use butter and very little of that! It is a natural fat with no preservatives in it.
Yes. It will not immediately affect your blood glucose level one way or another. But, avoiding heavy, fatty oils (like vegetable oil) when cooking may help you to lose weight - which will help better manage blood sugar in the long run.
hi, ok, im a guy who worked in Venture Era group and im confident that my product will help u.. Its proven that diabetis ppl have recovered. im not asking u to buy but would u mind to gif me some time to hear about our product? take it into consideration.. if u trust me can u gif me ur contact number u can email it to me? thx
How to make refined oil from vegetable oil?
I'm guessing you are asking how to make BIODIESEL from vegetable oil. Here is my answer to that:
The process is quite simple. Alchohol and vegetable oil or some other similar fat are mixed with the catalyst. It can be used animal fats or vegetable oils. The alchohol can be methanol or ethanol. Methanol is generally cheaper since it is made in industrial quantities from petroleum. Sodium hydroxide (aka lye or caustic soda) or potassium hydroxide are mixed in as the catalyst.
1. Methanol and sodium hydroxide are combined making sodium methoxide.
2. Sodium methoxide is mixed and stirred with vegetable oil (trigycerides). The oil molecules break apart and this produces methylesters and glycerol. The glycerol and catalyst will settle to the bottom as they are both denser than the methylesters. The methylester is drained off after the reaction is complete, about 8 hours.
3. The methylester (biodiesel) is washed by mixing it with water. The water dissolves any traces of the catalyst and the alchohol. After settling for a few days the water can be drained from the bottom of the tank.
The glycerol can be filtered and purified as well. It can be burnt as fuel, or it makes a powerful degreaser (it is already almost soap) and can be made into high quality soap.
**************************************鈥?br>
If your question is actually how to REFINE CRUDE VEGETABLE OIL into refined vegetable oil, then here are the steps:
1. Oil extraction from seeds using pressing, solvents, or both (e.g. high quality virgin olive oil is pressed, while lower quality pomace uses solvents to extract)
2. oil refiining: the crude vegetable oil is mixed with sodium hydroxide which removes the free fatty acids by forming soap
3. bleaching: this removes pigments by adding a 'bleaching clay' and then filtering the clay
4. deoderization: this removes volatile compounds and is often done by heating and distillation
5. fractional crystallization: this is separation of solid fats by allowing the oil to solidify at cooler temperautes
6. winterization: often some oils must have the fats which solidfy at low room temperatures removed. The oil is cooled and the solids filtered out.
7. hydrogenation: this binds hydrogen to the unsaturated fatty acids and prevents later oxidation and can be used to make the oil solid
8. texturing: this is a process where cooled fats are whipped to add some air and improve the texture and appearance, used for shortening
http://www.markets.duke.edu/student_it/s鈥?/a>How to make refined oil from vegetable oil?
Umm... technically vegetable oil has already been refined. If you've got a diesel engine, you can run it on vegetable oil. You might need to make some minor adjustments to the engines, but it's entirely possible.How to make refined oil from vegetable oil?
just to add, you can also physicaly refine vegetable oil, not by adding naoh, but by steam destilling of the ffa (free fatty acids). bleaching and deodorising stays the same.
The process is quite simple. Alchohol and vegetable oil or some other similar fat are mixed with the catalyst. It can be used animal fats or vegetable oils. The alchohol can be methanol or ethanol. Methanol is generally cheaper since it is made in industrial quantities from petroleum. Sodium hydroxide (aka lye or caustic soda) or potassium hydroxide are mixed in as the catalyst.
1. Methanol and sodium hydroxide are combined making sodium methoxide.
2. Sodium methoxide is mixed and stirred with vegetable oil (trigycerides). The oil molecules break apart and this produces methylesters and glycerol. The glycerol and catalyst will settle to the bottom as they are both denser than the methylesters. The methylester is drained off after the reaction is complete, about 8 hours.
3. The methylester (biodiesel) is washed by mixing it with water. The water dissolves any traces of the catalyst and the alchohol. After settling for a few days the water can be drained from the bottom of the tank.
The glycerol can be filtered and purified as well. It can be burnt as fuel, or it makes a powerful degreaser (it is already almost soap) and can be made into high quality soap.
**************************************鈥?br>
If your question is actually how to REFINE CRUDE VEGETABLE OIL into refined vegetable oil, then here are the steps:
1. Oil extraction from seeds using pressing, solvents, or both (e.g. high quality virgin olive oil is pressed, while lower quality pomace uses solvents to extract)
2. oil refiining: the crude vegetable oil is mixed with sodium hydroxide which removes the free fatty acids by forming soap
3. bleaching: this removes pigments by adding a 'bleaching clay' and then filtering the clay
4. deoderization: this removes volatile compounds and is often done by heating and distillation
5. fractional crystallization: this is separation of solid fats by allowing the oil to solidify at cooler temperautes
6. winterization: often some oils must have the fats which solidfy at low room temperatures removed. The oil is cooled and the solids filtered out.
7. hydrogenation: this binds hydrogen to the unsaturated fatty acids and prevents later oxidation and can be used to make the oil solid
8. texturing: this is a process where cooled fats are whipped to add some air and improve the texture and appearance, used for shortening
http://www.markets.duke.edu/student_it/s鈥?/a>How to make refined oil from vegetable oil?
Umm... technically vegetable oil has already been refined. If you've got a diesel engine, you can run it on vegetable oil. You might need to make some minor adjustments to the engines, but it's entirely possible.How to make refined oil from vegetable oil?
just to add, you can also physicaly refine vegetable oil, not by adding naoh, but by steam destilling of the ffa (free fatty acids). bleaching and deodorising stays the same.
With all this talk about refineries, how many foreign countries refine oil in the U.S. besides Mexico?
I know that Mexico sends crude to the U.S., has it refined and returned to Mexico. Are other foreign countries using our facilities too?
And since this is true, why are people complaining about 'no new refineries' to process OUR oil (present or future drilling) when the congress voted to allow foreign governments to profit from our existing facilities?With all this talk about refineries, how many foreign countries refine oil in the U.S. besides Mexico?
Not enough according to Dems.
Dems don't want any American companies to be in the oil business. We should be beggars to foreigners like OPEC and Chavez.With all this talk about refineries, how many foreign countries refine oil in the U.S. besides Mexico?
There are some countries in Europe that refine our oil as well (I think it is Ireland or the UK). The problem with building new refineries here is that not all of them will send oil into the country. It is cheaper to refine oil for other countries than it is to refine for the US. So when people like to make quick and lots of money, they will just refine oil for other countries.
And since this is true, why are people complaining about 'no new refineries' to process OUR oil (present or future drilling) when the congress voted to allow foreign governments to profit from our existing facilities?With all this talk about refineries, how many foreign countries refine oil in the U.S. besides Mexico?
Not enough according to Dems.
Dems don't want any American companies to be in the oil business. We should be beggars to foreigners like OPEC and Chavez.With all this talk about refineries, how many foreign countries refine oil in the U.S. besides Mexico?
There are some countries in Europe that refine our oil as well (I think it is Ireland or the UK). The problem with building new refineries here is that not all of them will send oil into the country. It is cheaper to refine oil for other countries than it is to refine for the US. So when people like to make quick and lots of money, they will just refine oil for other countries.
What is Refined Oil and Unrefined Oil ??
What is Refined Oil and Unrefined Oil ?What is Refined Oil and Unrefined Oil ??
Unrefined is almost straight out of the ground. It still goes through some basic filtering but it is still what you had when you started.
Refined is filtered and processed to to create commercial grade fuels. Mogas (gasoline), diesel, JP4 and so forthWhat is Refined Oil and Unrefined Oil ??
Crude oil has a very large spectrum of oils. The light oil is cooked off as gasoline . The heavier is kerosene or jet fuel . and what is left is like lube oil.
Unrefined is almost straight out of the ground. It still goes through some basic filtering but it is still what you had when you started.
Refined is filtered and processed to to create commercial grade fuels. Mogas (gasoline), diesel, JP4 and so forthWhat is Refined Oil and Unrefined Oil ??
Crude oil has a very large spectrum of oils. The light oil is cooked off as gasoline . The heavier is kerosene or jet fuel . and what is left is like lube oil.
WHAT HAPPENS TO THE REST OF THE CRUDE OIL THAT IS NOT REFINED?
Asphalt, feedstocks for plastics, bunker fuel, etc.WHAT HAPPENS TO THE REST OF THE CRUDE OIL THAT IS NOT REFINED?
Used for things like plastics and other useful things we use everyday..WHAT HAPPENS TO THE REST OF THE CRUDE OIL THAT IS NOT REFINED?
According to the Discovery Channel, out of a 42 gallon barrel of oil, we get a little more than 42 gallons of product. I don't remember how much, but I found that interesting. Because other chemicals are added in the refining process and they become part of the refinery's output. So everything and then some is refined and used somewhere in various industries.
It is used as asphalt or turned into coke. However even asphalt can be used as a feed stock (along with a source of hydrogen) and run through the catalytic crackers to make gasoline, motor oil, jet fuel etc.
Its all refined. The only other place it could be is in the ground, waiting to be taken out and refined or waiting in a tank to be refined. Crude oil by itself is worthless, its the impact that refining has on it that makes it so valuable.
1 As Sincarpediem noted, crude oil is used for a lot of other products besides fuel. The plastics industry is reliant on crude oil as a source of nearly all plastics raw materials.
2 Asphalt (black top) for road making is made from the tarry residue, after all the lighter components have been recovered (gasoline, diesel, heating oil, paraffin etc). Think of all the thousands of miles of asphalt roads that have been paved with refinery products
3 Most refineries burn off excess methane, to preventit escaping into the atmosphere (you will see the flames at any refinery). This is wasteful, and more efficient methods of recovering it are being examined.
Used for things like plastics and other useful things we use everyday..WHAT HAPPENS TO THE REST OF THE CRUDE OIL THAT IS NOT REFINED?
According to the Discovery Channel, out of a 42 gallon barrel of oil, we get a little more than 42 gallons of product. I don't remember how much, but I found that interesting. Because other chemicals are added in the refining process and they become part of the refinery's output. So everything and then some is refined and used somewhere in various industries.
It is used as asphalt or turned into coke. However even asphalt can be used as a feed stock (along with a source of hydrogen) and run through the catalytic crackers to make gasoline, motor oil, jet fuel etc.
Its all refined. The only other place it could be is in the ground, waiting to be taken out and refined or waiting in a tank to be refined. Crude oil by itself is worthless, its the impact that refining has on it that makes it so valuable.
1 As Sincarpediem noted, crude oil is used for a lot of other products besides fuel. The plastics industry is reliant on crude oil as a source of nearly all plastics raw materials.
2 Asphalt (black top) for road making is made from the tarry residue, after all the lighter components have been recovered (gasoline, diesel, heating oil, paraffin etc). Think of all the thousands of miles of asphalt roads that have been paved with refinery products
3 Most refineries burn off excess methane, to preventit escaping into the atmosphere (you will see the flames at any refinery). This is wasteful, and more efficient methods of recovering it are being examined.
Do even Refined oil make u obese or not?
I m 16yr old 5'10 n weigh 72kgs......................will Refines oil effect badly on me.........????Do even Refined oil make u obese or not?
yes sorry they still can make you obese. Oils are fats, no matter how or what kind it is, its still a fat =[
yes sorry they still can make you obese. Oils are fats, no matter how or what kind it is, its still a fat =[
Is their a way ti re refine my own motor oil?
i just watched history channel about the history of oil, and they talked about oil that has been reprocessed to make new oil.Is their a way ti re refine my own motor oil?
I have heard of an old country way using some rope or cord. Place the old oil on a table. Insert an end of rope into old oil and let it fall over side and down to empty can. This might take a little while, but the oil will start to travel the length of rope and eventually drip all clean into the empty can. I've never tried it, so you might have to tweak it a bit, but I think you get the general idea. Good luck.Is their a way ti re refine my own motor oil?
If you have the money you can buy a Machine to clean your oil save your money enjoy the history channel.
unless you have $5million+ for the equipment and chemical supplies....plus permits for the chemicals...then no, you cant.
you cant do it yourselfblush eyeshadow
I have heard of an old country way using some rope or cord. Place the old oil on a table. Insert an end of rope into old oil and let it fall over side and down to empty can. This might take a little while, but the oil will start to travel the length of rope and eventually drip all clean into the empty can. I've never tried it, so you might have to tweak it a bit, but I think you get the general idea. Good luck.Is their a way ti re refine my own motor oil?
If you have the money you can buy a Machine to clean your oil save your money enjoy the history channel.
unless you have $5million+ for the equipment and chemical supplies....plus permits for the chemicals...then no, you cant.
you cant do it yourself
Has refining capacity gone up with the suppose amount of oil sold?
I googled and found no new refineries built world wide since the early 80s. Here in the states we haven't built one since the 70s. I know aobut 6 years ago they stated during one memorial weekend that gas went up because the refinerys were at capacity.
With this in mind how can China use anymore gas if it cannot refine anymore. It's like in the past when someone sneezed in Nigeria gas went up becasue ';Bonnie Blue light'; oil production was interrupted
I may be wrong, but feel even the politicians and gas people have a dart board or wheel and spin it and if it lands on ';broken pipleline in Iraq';, then that is the reason oil goes up. Although they are producing over a million more a day now. It seems that it is just driven by the speculators like Soros.
Our companies went in and drilled and built oil fields and refineries for all these countries and also had lose of live and then these countries did the ';in' thing and ';nationalized'; the oil production. Iran has refinery prHas refining capacity gone up with the suppose amount of oil sold?
I'll believe that refineries are a problem when I see the 'We're out of gas' signs at all the gas stations. As it is they always seem to more than enough. True, they've built no 'new' refinaries, but that's because they didn't have to. They expanded their facilities. The 'no new refineries' song and dance is just another one of those right wing radio BS-ers. And by the way...the world is awash in oil. We may run out a lot sooner than later, but we still have a window of opportunity to deal with that....if only the reactionaries of the GOP would stop their insane 'oil only' and drill everywhere nonsense. No kiddin'!Has refining capacity gone up with the suppose amount of oil sold?
NO
It is one of our biggest problems. We expect that refining at the capacity of the 70's is going to supply our economy in 2000!
It's one of the flaws in environmentalism.
No, not in the US...
I believe that there has been some capacity increase, but not in the US. We need to be real, 22% of our current power comes from Nuclear Power, which is clean and readily available. It is also safe, think of how many people die in oil refinery fires and defense of the oil fields. No US nuclear accients since 3 Mile Island back in the mid 70's. Also we have spent $6 billion in a safe storage facility in Nevada and have spent millions designing a transport railcar that can withstand any type of accident. We can eliminate our need for foreign oil completely by taking our Nuclear use to 75%. If we are willing to risk the lives of our sailers and solders by being on Nuclear subs and boats, we should be willing to accept the very minor risk at home. Don't even talk about terroristic attacks, most of the attacks would never effect the core. Even France has 88% Nuclear Power and if anyone is afraid of their own shadow it's the French so it much be safe.
With this in mind how can China use anymore gas if it cannot refine anymore. It's like in the past when someone sneezed in Nigeria gas went up becasue ';Bonnie Blue light'; oil production was interrupted
I may be wrong, but feel even the politicians and gas people have a dart board or wheel and spin it and if it lands on ';broken pipleline in Iraq';, then that is the reason oil goes up. Although they are producing over a million more a day now. It seems that it is just driven by the speculators like Soros.
Our companies went in and drilled and built oil fields and refineries for all these countries and also had lose of live and then these countries did the ';in' thing and ';nationalized'; the oil production. Iran has refinery prHas refining capacity gone up with the suppose amount of oil sold?
I'll believe that refineries are a problem when I see the 'We're out of gas' signs at all the gas stations. As it is they always seem to more than enough. True, they've built no 'new' refinaries, but that's because they didn't have to. They expanded their facilities. The 'no new refineries' song and dance is just another one of those right wing radio BS-ers. And by the way...the world is awash in oil. We may run out a lot sooner than later, but we still have a window of opportunity to deal with that....if only the reactionaries of the GOP would stop their insane 'oil only' and drill everywhere nonsense. No kiddin'!Has refining capacity gone up with the suppose amount of oil sold?
NO
It is one of our biggest problems. We expect that refining at the capacity of the 70's is going to supply our economy in 2000!
It's one of the flaws in environmentalism.
No, not in the US...
I believe that there has been some capacity increase, but not in the US. We need to be real, 22% of our current power comes from Nuclear Power, which is clean and readily available. It is also safe, think of how many people die in oil refinery fires and defense of the oil fields. No US nuclear accients since 3 Mile Island back in the mid 70's. Also we have spent $6 billion in a safe storage facility in Nevada and have spent millions designing a transport railcar that can withstand any type of accident. We can eliminate our need for foreign oil completely by taking our Nuclear use to 75%. If we are willing to risk the lives of our sailers and solders by being on Nuclear subs and boats, we should be willing to accept the very minor risk at home. Don't even talk about terroristic attacks, most of the attacks would never effect the core. Even France has 88% Nuclear Power and if anyone is afraid of their own shadow it's the French so it much be safe.
How can you know weather oil is refined or unrefined. does it state on the bottle or can?
Cooking oil has been refined. Some olive oils are not.
Cloudiness is the best way to tell if an oil has not been refined. However, cloudy oils don't sell to well in the US, so most of it is filtered and refined.
Cloudiness is the best way to tell if an oil has not been refined. However, cloudy oils don't sell to well in the US, so most of it is filtered and refined.
What does refined linseed oil do?
Refined linseed oil is a medium that is used with traditional oil paints. Sometimes colors from the tubes can be stiff and are hard to work with. That is when linseed comes into to use. Adding just a bit of the linseed oil to the tube colors makes the paint flow better. It extends the life of the paint, keeping it wet for a short while but it is not the best for preventing the oil colors from drying too quickly. There are other mediums for that. If you have ever noticed, linseed comes in different variations. There is plain old linseed oil, then there is refined linseed oil, then there is cold pressed linseed oil, and stand oil etc. Refined linseed oil is perhaps the best variant to use as it does not cause oil paints to yellow over time. FYI, oil paints are made with linseed oil and pigment.What does refined linseed oil do?
you would use the linseed oil to thin your oil paints
it will make it more fluid, glossy and transparent. It also helps your paints to dry faster
linseed oil can also be applied directly to wood to bring out all of its beautiful grains, it also strengthens the woodWhat does refined linseed oil do?
Linseed oil is an extender, it will make your oil paint dry longer. Also it will make your oil paint fatter (thicker). linseed oil is the oil that your pigment is suspended in
If im not mistaken its used as a paint stripper/thinner.
you would use the linseed oil to thin your oil paints
it will make it more fluid, glossy and transparent. It also helps your paints to dry faster
linseed oil can also be applied directly to wood to bring out all of its beautiful grains, it also strengthens the woodWhat does refined linseed oil do?
Linseed oil is an extender, it will make your oil paint dry longer. Also it will make your oil paint fatter (thicker). linseed oil is the oil that your pigment is suspended in
If im not mistaken its used as a paint stripper/thinner.
Can someone tell me where crude oil is being refined in the world PLEASE?? my teacher will KILL me if i dunno.
i need a place!! my teacher will kill me if i dont get the answer by Monday.. please help me!!Can someone tell me where crude oil is being refined in the world PLEASE?? my teacher will KILL me if i dunno.
TexasCan someone tell me where crude oil is being refined in the world PLEASE?? my teacher will KILL me if i dunno.
Texas and Louisiana Gulf Coast. Remember from all the news coverage during Hurricane Katrina about all them, uh, refineries that were shut down or damaged? That's where they refine crude oil into gas, diesel, kerosene, etc.
BTW- try homework help next time
World's Largest Refineries (Barrels/Day)
Paraguana Refining, Venezuela - 940,000
SK Corporation, South Korea - 817,000
Reliance I, India - 661,000
LG - Caltex, South Korea - 650,000
Exxon Mobil, Singapore - 605,000
Reliance II, India (proposed) - 580,000
Exxon Mobil, Baytown, USA - 557,000
S-Oil, South Korea - 520,000
Hovensa LLC, Virgin Islands - 495,000
Exxon Mobil, Baton Rouge, USA - 493,500
Shell Eastern, Singapore - 458,000
This link will provide you a list of crude oil refineries in the world sorted by countries/ territories, and their per day production ( i.e Barrels per day)
Try it I hope i will work for u.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_oil鈥?/a>
Crude oil refineries exist in many parts of the world. It should be quite easy for you to do your own research and find out. I would point them out to you but you put this in the wrong category.
Chevron to Texaco is where Iraqi oil is being refined
At
O I L R E F I N E R I E S.
TFTP
TexasCan someone tell me where crude oil is being refined in the world PLEASE?? my teacher will KILL me if i dunno.
Texas and Louisiana Gulf Coast. Remember from all the news coverage during Hurricane Katrina about all them, uh, refineries that were shut down or damaged? That's where they refine crude oil into gas, diesel, kerosene, etc.
BTW- try homework help next time
World's Largest Refineries (Barrels/Day)
Paraguana Refining, Venezuela - 940,000
SK Corporation, South Korea - 817,000
Reliance I, India - 661,000
LG - Caltex, South Korea - 650,000
Exxon Mobil, Singapore - 605,000
Reliance II, India (proposed) - 580,000
Exxon Mobil, Baytown, USA - 557,000
S-Oil, South Korea - 520,000
Hovensa LLC, Virgin Islands - 495,000
Exxon Mobil, Baton Rouge, USA - 493,500
Shell Eastern, Singapore - 458,000
This link will provide you a list of crude oil refineries in the world sorted by countries/ territories, and their per day production ( i.e Barrels per day)
Try it I hope i will work for u.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_oil鈥?/a>
Crude oil refineries exist in many parts of the world. It should be quite easy for you to do your own research and find out. I would point them out to you but you put this in the wrong category.
Chevron to Texaco is where Iraqi oil is being refined
At
O I L R E F I N E R I E S.
TFTP
How to refine used cooking oil?
filter it then centrifuge
or distill it
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Crude_Oil_Distillation.png
or distill it
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Crude_Oil_Distillation.png
After oil is refined what are some products it is made into?
Petroleum gas - used for heating, cooking, making plastics
Naphtha or Ligroin - intermediate that will be further processed to make gasoline
Gasoline - motor fuel
Kerosene - fuel for jet engines and tractors; starting material for making other products
Gas oil or Diesel distillate - used for diesel fuel and heating oil; starting Lubricating oil - used for motor oil, grease, other lubricants
liquid
Residuals - coke, asphalt, tar, waxes; starting material for making other productsAfter oil is refined what are some products it is made into?
Well petroleum is made into petrochemicals, which are the foundation for numerous synthetic items in a typical household- fabrics, plastics, clothes etc.blush eyeshadow
Naphtha or Ligroin - intermediate that will be further processed to make gasoline
Gasoline - motor fuel
Kerosene - fuel for jet engines and tractors; starting material for making other products
Gas oil or Diesel distillate - used for diesel fuel and heating oil; starting Lubricating oil - used for motor oil, grease, other lubricants
liquid
Residuals - coke, asphalt, tar, waxes; starting material for making other productsAfter oil is refined what are some products it is made into?
Well petroleum is made into petrochemicals, which are the foundation for numerous synthetic items in a typical household- fabrics, plastics, clothes etc.
Who controlled 90% of all oil refined in the us until 1910?
John D. Rockefeller/Standard OilWho controlled 90% of all oil refined in the us until 1910?
Standard Oil Company
Standard Oil Company
Concerning fuel. How many gallons of gasoline can be refined from one barrel of crude oil? ?
Just wanna know about gasConcerning fuel. How many gallons of gasoline can be refined from one barrel of crude oil? ?
There is not a single answer. It depends on the crude oil being pumped out the the ground. Some is very sludgy and requires lots of effort to refine into gas you can buy. One barrel of crude oil is 40 gallons... oil like this probably only yields a few gallons in gas.
Other oil is known as light and sweet... and yields much more gas per barrel.Concerning fuel. How many gallons of gasoline can be refined from one barrel of crude oil? ?
It depends on if they are just distilling it or cracking the heavier hydrocarbons to make lighter ones like gas.
There is not a single answer. It depends on the crude oil being pumped out the the ground. Some is very sludgy and requires lots of effort to refine into gas you can buy. One barrel of crude oil is 40 gallons... oil like this probably only yields a few gallons in gas.
Other oil is known as light and sweet... and yields much more gas per barrel.Concerning fuel. How many gallons of gasoline can be refined from one barrel of crude oil? ?
It depends on if they are just distilling it or cracking the heavier hydrocarbons to make lighter ones like gas.
Exactly where does america get its crude oil from and where is it refined?
The biggest sources of our crude oil come from Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. Most of it is refined here in the U.S.
How many gallons of sweet crude oil are in 1 barrel and how much gasoline does it yield after it is refined?
The standard barrel contains 42 U.S. gallons of crude oil. What is truly interesting about the refinement of a typical barrel is that the 42 gallons of crude oil will result in more than 44 gallons of petroleum products. In other words, during the refinement process, there is actually an increase in the volume of product realized. This occurs because there is a reduction in the density of some of the original crude oil as different petroleum products are created during the refinement process.
The largest share of the 42 gallons of crude oil contained in a standard barrel ends up as finished motor gasoline. Motor gasoline accounts for 19.65 gallons of the finished product. Next in line is distillate fuel oil at 10.03 gallons.
Jet fuel comes in a rather distant third place in the refinement process. Of the original 42 gallons of crude oil in a barrel, that portion which will end up as jet fuel is 4.07 gallons. Residual fuel oil accounts for 1.72 gallons of the overall refined product.
Other petroleum products that are created from a barrel of oil during the refining process include: still gas, petroleum coke, liquefied refinery gas, asphalt and road oil, various oils for foodstocks, lubricants, special napthas, kerosene, waxes and an assortment of other miscellaneous products. (It is important to note that the different end products that can be produced from a barrel of oil differ in their percentages depending on what part of the world the crude oil originated from in the first instance.)
The largest share of the 42 gallons of crude oil contained in a standard barrel ends up as finished motor gasoline. Motor gasoline accounts for 19.65 gallons of the finished product. Next in line is distillate fuel oil at 10.03 gallons.
Jet fuel comes in a rather distant third place in the refinement process. Of the original 42 gallons of crude oil in a barrel, that portion which will end up as jet fuel is 4.07 gallons. Residual fuel oil accounts for 1.72 gallons of the overall refined product.
Other petroleum products that are created from a barrel of oil during the refining process include: still gas, petroleum coke, liquefied refinery gas, asphalt and road oil, various oils for foodstocks, lubricants, special napthas, kerosene, waxes and an assortment of other miscellaneous products. (It is important to note that the different end products that can be produced from a barrel of oil differ in their percentages depending on what part of the world the crude oil originated from in the first instance.)
Can edible sunflower refined oil be used on face and body?im in india.?
can i use sundrop refined oil on face?Can edible sunflower refined oil be used on face and body?im in india.?
No, one should not use refind oil on faceCan edible sunflower refined oil be used on face and body?im in india.?
I would personally think that edible sunflower refined oil would be too thick for the face and body causing the pores to clog and resulting in severe keratosis, folliculitis and acne.
If cost is a factor for you, then I would buy a bottle of Vitamin E GEL CAPSULES and pierce with a pin prick or needle prick and squeeze out the contents to apply to your face. Vitamin E will assist in healing, repairing and moisturising. For your body, a simple cheap Cocoa Butter lotion would be best.
Why that peculiar thinking, especially while there are coconut and other oil specially applicable to face and skin.
No, one should not use refind oil on faceCan edible sunflower refined oil be used on face and body?im in india.?
I would personally think that edible sunflower refined oil would be too thick for the face and body causing the pores to clog and resulting in severe keratosis, folliculitis and acne.
If cost is a factor for you, then I would buy a bottle of Vitamin E GEL CAPSULES and pierce with a pin prick or needle prick and squeeze out the contents to apply to your face. Vitamin E will assist in healing, repairing and moisturising. For your body, a simple cheap Cocoa Butter lotion would be best.
Why that peculiar thinking, especially while there are coconut and other oil specially applicable to face and skin.
How much does one gallon or one barrel of crude oil typically yield in gasoline when the crude is refined?
About half, see: http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/oil_gas/petro鈥?/a>dermatologist
If Exxon pumps its own oil, refines its own oil and sells its own gas, why aren't Exxon gas stations cheaper?
I have heard recently that contrary to popular belief is that there is no oil shortages. The US is the third largest oil producer on earth behind Russia and Saudi Arabia. And finally the largest oil companies on earth that pump oil, refine it and distribute gasoline entirely in house are all US based companies. Is there price gouging? and if so, is it a coordinated effort by all these oil companies? Is there a government conspiracy? If there is some sort of gas shortage to quantify a supply and demand problem, then why haven't any refineries been opened in the past 30 years? I dont want to hear ';bush wants money'; or other stupid responses, if you have any clues or ideas please respond to this. Any facts would be welcome as well, perhaps to counter my information. ThanksIf Exxon pumps its own oil, refines its own oil and sells its own gas, why aren't Exxon gas stations cheaper?
I don't think Exxon really pumps enough of its own oil. From here: http://www.mailtribune.com/archive/2005/鈥?/a>
You can see it pumps around 2.5 million barrels per day, which would make about 50 million gallons of gas. US consumption is much higher, but I don't have the numbers on hand.
Most of the oil that the US uses is imported from various regions around the world. This chart is semi-outdated, but you can see our increasing dependence on foreign imports: http://www.aceee.org/transportation/oils鈥?/a>
Go here first: http://answers.yahoo.com/question/;_ylt=鈥?/a>
The distribution has actually changed over time: http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/oog/info/gdu/ga鈥?/a>
I think it costs more to refine now because of the extra fuel additives that are mandated by the government.
As you can see, the crude oil on the market makes up most of the price of oil, which Exxon doesn't really have control over. Crude oil prices are generally determined by the futures market, which has bid up the price based on the uncertainty of future supply. In addition to the not-so-great supply from OPEC, you have to look at the other side of the supply/demand, which is the demand. From here, you can see, we use more and more oil pretty much every year: http://www.aceee.org/transportation/tran鈥?/a>
Refining costs are relatively fixed and so are taxes. The only thing Exxon and gas stations really control is that last 5-10%. So, yes theoretically, Exxon could knock off a few cents off the price at the pump and operate at no profit, but it's a public company and they're going to keep doing what they've been doing for the last many years before all of this turmoil, which is mark it up 10% and sell it at market price.
Refineries haven't been opened in the last 30 years because for the last 30 years the government hasn't wanted them. This is across many administrations, so it's not really any one person's fault.
There's another good primer here that has most of the details on how gas prices are determined: http://www.eia.doe.gov/bookshelf/brochur鈥?/a>If Exxon pumps its own oil, refines its own oil and sells its own gas, why aren't Exxon gas stations cheaper?
I think it's usually environmental groups that block the construction of new refineries. I don't have specific sources on this, so I could be wrong. Report Abuse
The fact is that many of them could charge cheaper prices, but they sell if for the market price because they can. Their purpose is to make money, not lower gas prices. OPEC sets a price for oil, and the US companies charge the same since that is the going rate.
Its all about the MONEY. gas is a nessesity to ALL Of us. We cannot live without it. Per a friend of mine whos acct in shell. She says that SHELL has used the same amount of oil and produce the same amoutn of gas since the last past 2 yrs. This the reason for the shell billion dollar profit. Cause there spending budget has not change. Therefore it turns into profit. On the exxon side per a friend. Ethonal has been added to all gases beignning last month. If you see contructuion in gas stationg is becasue they are adding a ethonol additive to the gas to save the enviormment. Beaware this new additive does not stretch your gas. IT only helps the ozone. This ethonol additive is more expense to make in the summer season due to heat. cause the chemicals to be less than the are in the winter. So extra steps are taken. so the the gas and additives can with hold the summer heat. So you ask well why in states where is winter season round. is it cheaper NO. WHY? casue its all about money. Be aware there is not shortage. ONLY lies to the public, to cover high gas prices. Its not that bush wants money HE Has money. But the republicans and other people who aid in this are getting there cut as well. EVERYbody gettign rasing and bonuse and salary increase. When gas prices go down all these indidvuals can not roll S500 benz and 5.5 mill homes. So majority rules. HIGH GAS PRICES IT IS. these same indivials who are in this pool support the votes and pay off people to shut it up.
I say if you cannot beat them JOIN THEM. did you know the employees of shell and exxon has gas allowance provided to them by the company. therfor these people are not hurting at all. OTHER WISE you have strike from these employees.
The (EX?)CEO of EXXON (Lee Raymond) has $400 million retirement package. The company has record profits. Do the Math.
The Bush administration has ties with the Saudi royal family. The Saudis said they consider the Bush family part of their family. Dick Cheney made 8 million in stock sales. I know you do not want to hear it, but the current administration profits from oil sales.
Exxon does not produce all the oil needed to keep up with supply, therefore they must purchase from the OPEC countries at market prices. This price is passed on to the consumer.
There is no conspiracy amount oil companies, however, the OPEC cartel goes maintain some control over prices by having control over supply. No country to date has been brave enough to demand less cartel like activity from the OPEC countries.
I don't think Exxon really pumps enough of its own oil. From here: http://www.mailtribune.com/archive/2005/鈥?/a>
You can see it pumps around 2.5 million barrels per day, which would make about 50 million gallons of gas. US consumption is much higher, but I don't have the numbers on hand.
Most of the oil that the US uses is imported from various regions around the world. This chart is semi-outdated, but you can see our increasing dependence on foreign imports: http://www.aceee.org/transportation/oils鈥?/a>
Go here first: http://answers.yahoo.com/question/;_ylt=鈥?/a>
The distribution has actually changed over time: http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/oog/info/gdu/ga鈥?/a>
I think it costs more to refine now because of the extra fuel additives that are mandated by the government.
As you can see, the crude oil on the market makes up most of the price of oil, which Exxon doesn't really have control over. Crude oil prices are generally determined by the futures market, which has bid up the price based on the uncertainty of future supply. In addition to the not-so-great supply from OPEC, you have to look at the other side of the supply/demand, which is the demand. From here, you can see, we use more and more oil pretty much every year: http://www.aceee.org/transportation/tran鈥?/a>
Refining costs are relatively fixed and so are taxes. The only thing Exxon and gas stations really control is that last 5-10%. So, yes theoretically, Exxon could knock off a few cents off the price at the pump and operate at no profit, but it's a public company and they're going to keep doing what they've been doing for the last many years before all of this turmoil, which is mark it up 10% and sell it at market price.
Refineries haven't been opened in the last 30 years because for the last 30 years the government hasn't wanted them. This is across many administrations, so it's not really any one person's fault.
There's another good primer here that has most of the details on how gas prices are determined: http://www.eia.doe.gov/bookshelf/brochur鈥?/a>If Exxon pumps its own oil, refines its own oil and sells its own gas, why aren't Exxon gas stations cheaper?
I think it's usually environmental groups that block the construction of new refineries. I don't have specific sources on this, so I could be wrong. Report Abuse
The fact is that many of them could charge cheaper prices, but they sell if for the market price because they can. Their purpose is to make money, not lower gas prices. OPEC sets a price for oil, and the US companies charge the same since that is the going rate.
Its all about the MONEY. gas is a nessesity to ALL Of us. We cannot live without it. Per a friend of mine whos acct in shell. She says that SHELL has used the same amount of oil and produce the same amoutn of gas since the last past 2 yrs. This the reason for the shell billion dollar profit. Cause there spending budget has not change. Therefore it turns into profit. On the exxon side per a friend. Ethonal has been added to all gases beignning last month. If you see contructuion in gas stationg is becasue they are adding a ethonol additive to the gas to save the enviormment. Beaware this new additive does not stretch your gas. IT only helps the ozone. This ethonol additive is more expense to make in the summer season due to heat. cause the chemicals to be less than the are in the winter. So extra steps are taken. so the the gas and additives can with hold the summer heat. So you ask well why in states where is winter season round. is it cheaper NO. WHY? casue its all about money. Be aware there is not shortage. ONLY lies to the public, to cover high gas prices. Its not that bush wants money HE Has money. But the republicans and other people who aid in this are getting there cut as well. EVERYbody gettign rasing and bonuse and salary increase. When gas prices go down all these indidvuals can not roll S500 benz and 5.5 mill homes. So majority rules. HIGH GAS PRICES IT IS. these same indivials who are in this pool support the votes and pay off people to shut it up.
I say if you cannot beat them JOIN THEM. did you know the employees of shell and exxon has gas allowance provided to them by the company. therfor these people are not hurting at all. OTHER WISE you have strike from these employees.
The (EX?)CEO of EXXON (Lee Raymond) has $400 million retirement package. The company has record profits. Do the Math.
The Bush administration has ties with the Saudi royal family. The Saudis said they consider the Bush family part of their family. Dick Cheney made 8 million in stock sales. I know you do not want to hear it, but the current administration profits from oil sales.
Exxon does not produce all the oil needed to keep up with supply, therefore they must purchase from the OPEC countries at market prices. This price is passed on to the consumer.
There is no conspiracy amount oil companies, however, the OPEC cartel goes maintain some control over prices by having control over supply. No country to date has been brave enough to demand less cartel like activity from the OPEC countries.
How is a barrel of oil dispersed? how much to gas, refined oils, plastics, etc....?
Look here:
http://www.eia.doe.gov/neic/infosheets/p鈥?/a>
It's about halfway down the page.
DKHow is a barrel of oil dispersed? how much to gas, refined oils, plastics, etc....?
Various grades are used for different purposes. It's not like a grain of wheat where the bran is used for bran and made into bran flakes and the germ for wheat germ, etc.
http://www.eia.doe.gov/neic/infosheets/p鈥?/a>
It's about halfway down the page.
DKHow is a barrel of oil dispersed? how much to gas, refined oils, plastics, etc....?
Various grades are used for different purposes. It's not like a grain of wheat where the bran is used for bran and made into bran flakes and the germ for wheat germ, etc.
Where can i buy Refined Virgin Coconut Oil?
Walmart, Cvs, Walgreens.. and well known, nation wide stores?Where can i buy Refined Virgin Coconut Oil?
None exists.
';Virgin'; means it's minimally processed and not chemically refined... pure... simple. I'm not sure if this was a trick question or not, but if it were commercially/chemically refined, it would no longer be ';virgin';, it would just be Coconut Oil.
But as far as Refined Coconut Oil, you can typically buy it at about any health food store, plus most grocery stores, Walmart, CVS, and/or Walgreens should have it.Where can i buy Refined Virgin Coconut Oil?
Grocery stores in the Ethnic Foods Section. I get mine at Wegman's Grocery Store. The kind at drug stores is not the real deal and full of other chemicals. Also if you have an Indian or Pakistan grocery store in your area they always have it.
why would you wnt it refined??......refined means that its not the closest to its natural state.....but if you mean you are just looking for some cheap coconut oil to cook with go to walmart or heb and look for the lou ann coconut oil in the oil section.
www.thepowermall.com has the best coconut oil in the world
you can get coconut oil at Whole Foods but I don't know if it is refined or not.
None exists.
';Virgin'; means it's minimally processed and not chemically refined... pure... simple. I'm not sure if this was a trick question or not, but if it were commercially/chemically refined, it would no longer be ';virgin';, it would just be Coconut Oil.
But as far as Refined Coconut Oil, you can typically buy it at about any health food store, plus most grocery stores, Walmart, CVS, and/or Walgreens should have it.Where can i buy Refined Virgin Coconut Oil?
Grocery stores in the Ethnic Foods Section. I get mine at Wegman's Grocery Store. The kind at drug stores is not the real deal and full of other chemicals. Also if you have an Indian or Pakistan grocery store in your area they always have it.
why would you wnt it refined??......refined means that its not the closest to its natural state.....but if you mean you are just looking for some cheap coconut oil to cook with go to walmart or heb and look for the lou ann coconut oil in the oil section.
www.thepowermall.com has the best coconut oil in the world
you can get coconut oil at Whole Foods but I don't know if it is refined or not.
What are the propeties of crude and or refined oil????
i need 2 know by tomorrowWhat are the propeties of crude and or refined oil????
Petroleum-based oil describes a broad range of natural hydrocarbon-based substances and refined petroleum products, each having a different chemical composition. As a result, each type of crude oil and refined product has distinct physical properties, that affect the way oil spreads and breaks down, the hazard it may pose to marine and human life, and the likelihood that it will pose a threat to natural and man-made resources. For example, light refined products, such as gasoline and kerosene, spread on water surfaces and penetrate porous soils quickly. Fire and toxic hazards are high, but the products evaporate quickly and leave little residue. Alternatively, heavier refined oil products may pose a lesser fire and toxic hazard and do not spread on water as readily. Heavier oils are more persistent, however, and may present a greater remediation challenge.
The rate at which an oil spill spreads will determine its effect on the environment. Most oils tend to spread horizontally into a smooth and slippery surface, called a slick, on top of the water. Factors which affect the ability of an oil spill to spread include surface tension, specific gravity, and viscosity.
Surface tension is the measure of attraction between the surface molecules of a liquid. The higher the oil's surface tension, the more likely a spill will remain in place. If the surface tension of the oil is low, the oil will spread even without help from wind and water currents. Because increased temperatures can reduce a liquid's surface tension, oil is more likely to spread in warmer waters than in very cold waters.
Specific gravity is the density of a substance compared to the density of water. Since most oils are lighter than water, they lie flat on top of it. However, the specific gravity of an oil spill can increase if the lighter substances within the oil evaporate.
Viscosity is the measure of a liquid's resistance to flow. The higher the viscosity of the oil, the greater the tendency for it to stay in one place.What are the propeties of crude and or refined oil????
thank u Report Abuse
Crude oil is a dark brown, almost black, liquid about the consistency of milk. It is essentially made up of hydrocarbons in the parrafin series of hydrocarbons. The formula for any parrafin is CnH2n+2. In other words a parrafin has 2 more than twice as many hydrogen atoms as Carbon atoms in a molecule. Example: Butane C4H10.
Heat and fractionation are used to separate the different paraffins from each other, some of which are finished products like asphalt, #6 fuel for ships, #2 fuel which is diesel, kerosene which is basic jet fuel, naptha which is the major ingredient in gasoline, butane, and propane. Some of these parrafins and others may go through other processes like chemical treatment or catalytic reactions involving high temperatures to make other hydrocarbons not in the parrafin series like benzene, xylene, and toluene, and other products that become ingredients in gasoline and special jet fuels. There you have it. Crude oil makes the world go 'round, sadly enough.
Petroleum-based oil describes a broad range of natural hydrocarbon-based substances and refined petroleum products, each having a different chemical composition. As a result, each type of crude oil and refined product has distinct physical properties, that affect the way oil spreads and breaks down, the hazard it may pose to marine and human life, and the likelihood that it will pose a threat to natural and man-made resources. For example, light refined products, such as gasoline and kerosene, spread on water surfaces and penetrate porous soils quickly. Fire and toxic hazards are high, but the products evaporate quickly and leave little residue. Alternatively, heavier refined oil products may pose a lesser fire and toxic hazard and do not spread on water as readily. Heavier oils are more persistent, however, and may present a greater remediation challenge.
The rate at which an oil spill spreads will determine its effect on the environment. Most oils tend to spread horizontally into a smooth and slippery surface, called a slick, on top of the water. Factors which affect the ability of an oil spill to spread include surface tension, specific gravity, and viscosity.
Surface tension is the measure of attraction between the surface molecules of a liquid. The higher the oil's surface tension, the more likely a spill will remain in place. If the surface tension of the oil is low, the oil will spread even without help from wind and water currents. Because increased temperatures can reduce a liquid's surface tension, oil is more likely to spread in warmer waters than in very cold waters.
Specific gravity is the density of a substance compared to the density of water. Since most oils are lighter than water, they lie flat on top of it. However, the specific gravity of an oil spill can increase if the lighter substances within the oil evaporate.
Viscosity is the measure of a liquid's resistance to flow. The higher the viscosity of the oil, the greater the tendency for it to stay in one place.What are the propeties of crude and or refined oil????
thank u Report Abuse
Crude oil is a dark brown, almost black, liquid about the consistency of milk. It is essentially made up of hydrocarbons in the parrafin series of hydrocarbons. The formula for any parrafin is CnH2n+2. In other words a parrafin has 2 more than twice as many hydrogen atoms as Carbon atoms in a molecule. Example: Butane C4H10.
Heat and fractionation are used to separate the different paraffins from each other, some of which are finished products like asphalt, #6 fuel for ships, #2 fuel which is diesel, kerosene which is basic jet fuel, naptha which is the major ingredient in gasoline, butane, and propane. Some of these parrafins and others may go through other processes like chemical treatment or catalytic reactions involving high temperatures to make other hydrocarbons not in the parrafin series like benzene, xylene, and toluene, and other products that become ingredients in gasoline and special jet fuels. There you have it. Crude oil makes the world go 'round, sadly enough.
Why don't we uncap our domestic , privately owned oil wells here in the States and refine our own crude?
People I know have had to stop pumping because the equipment used to pump the oil out of the ground is worth more in scrap. Yet we pay high prices for foreign oil.Why don't we uncap our domestic , privately owned oil wells here in the States and refine our own crude?
US Oil Companies are waiting for the price to get high enough that the people will pay anything to get oil/fuel.
Big oil is the same as Big Railroads of the 1880-90's, Greed driven and profit sustained. Screw the public.Why don't we uncap our domestic , privately owned oil wells here in the States and refine our own crude?
Believe me, speaking as one who works for a major oil company, we are drilling and pumping domestically in the US. However, many of our oil wells are very ';mature,'; as the industry terms it. That means that they have been under production for a long time and are nearing the end of their effective recovery lives. I suspect that the people you are referring to who have had to stop pumping own wells where there simply isn't enough oil left to offset the cost of pumping. There are many wells where that is the case.
Most of the light, sweet (meaning low in sulfur) crude that is easy to get at in the US has been gotten at. Why else do you think we would be going to the trouble and expense of drilling through the permafrost of Alaska, to say nothing of setting up platforms out in the Gulf of Mexico?
There are indeed other sources of oil, or at least ';oil equivalent,'; in the US, such as the oil shales under the Rocky Mountains. But oil shales are very expensive to recover and refine. If oil gets to a high enough price to make those sources economically attractive, then long before those sources have made much of an impact, people will have been compelled to come up with a cheaper, more sustainable source of energy.
The US does pump and refine large amounts of oil. But we need more production from high yield wells, and we need to build new efficient refineries. Both those things are being blocked by the democrats for political purposes.
If the USA would announce a new oil drilling campaign in our own country, the world price of oil would drop like a rock. Just from the announcement.
Because there are too many big money contributors that are against it
.. . ...
And when money hollers Washington listens
.. .. ..
You do know politicians are only there for a short time and then back to home they go when the next election is over and votes are counted
.. .. ..
And the party has to keep the big money donate-rs happy or else they will be in short supply of the green stuff aka money
.. .. ..
America does not know how to make good things only cheep things and I do mean cheep quality and to put the oil pumps back in operation is kind of like using the family bicycle to run the cars generator to produce electicy for the home
.. ...
You should know that the United States is based upon the almighty dollar the maker and breaker of all who are born in that country
.. .. ...
And to put a tree toad in jeopardy of extension is a carnal sin or make all kinds of black beaches is a crime against mankind
... .. .
Oil is a nonrenewable resource and we're obviously running low. With Bush being in bed with the oil companies there has to be a big demand for oil. That way Bush and all his buddies will make a profit. Alternative energy sources? That'll be the end of the oil corporations.
We are waiting on the rest of the world to run out. So then we will have only what's left.
US Oil Companies are waiting for the price to get high enough that the people will pay anything to get oil/fuel.
Big oil is the same as Big Railroads of the 1880-90's, Greed driven and profit sustained. Screw the public.Why don't we uncap our domestic , privately owned oil wells here in the States and refine our own crude?
Believe me, speaking as one who works for a major oil company, we are drilling and pumping domestically in the US. However, many of our oil wells are very ';mature,'; as the industry terms it. That means that they have been under production for a long time and are nearing the end of their effective recovery lives. I suspect that the people you are referring to who have had to stop pumping own wells where there simply isn't enough oil left to offset the cost of pumping. There are many wells where that is the case.
Most of the light, sweet (meaning low in sulfur) crude that is easy to get at in the US has been gotten at. Why else do you think we would be going to the trouble and expense of drilling through the permafrost of Alaska, to say nothing of setting up platforms out in the Gulf of Mexico?
There are indeed other sources of oil, or at least ';oil equivalent,'; in the US, such as the oil shales under the Rocky Mountains. But oil shales are very expensive to recover and refine. If oil gets to a high enough price to make those sources economically attractive, then long before those sources have made much of an impact, people will have been compelled to come up with a cheaper, more sustainable source of energy.
The US does pump and refine large amounts of oil. But we need more production from high yield wells, and we need to build new efficient refineries. Both those things are being blocked by the democrats for political purposes.
If the USA would announce a new oil drilling campaign in our own country, the world price of oil would drop like a rock. Just from the announcement.
Because there are too many big money contributors that are against it
.. . ...
And when money hollers Washington listens
.. .. ..
You do know politicians are only there for a short time and then back to home they go when the next election is over and votes are counted
.. .. ..
And the party has to keep the big money donate-rs happy or else they will be in short supply of the green stuff aka money
.. .. ..
America does not know how to make good things only cheep things and I do mean cheep quality and to put the oil pumps back in operation is kind of like using the family bicycle to run the cars generator to produce electicy for the home
.. ...
You should know that the United States is based upon the almighty dollar the maker and breaker of all who are born in that country
.. .. ...
And to put a tree toad in jeopardy of extension is a carnal sin or make all kinds of black beaches is a crime against mankind
... .. .
Oil is a nonrenewable resource and we're obviously running low. With Bush being in bed with the oil companies there has to be a big demand for oil. That way Bush and all his buddies will make a profit. Alternative energy sources? That'll be the end of the oil corporations.
We are waiting on the rest of the world to run out. So then we will have only what's left.
How do you refine crude oil into gasoline if you have some laying around your property?
As it happens, and despite the answer above, you can.
However, the process that does what you want was developed way back in the 1890's. The microscopic scale was then upped to the size we see today in modern refineries.
Catalysts are expensive, and perform a specific job in the cracking towers. If you were able to control the heating and the temperature in a small tower, then you could, indeed produce gasoline; not much, an egg cup full at most.
Dr AntonyHow do you refine crude oil into gasoline if you have some laying around your property?
You don't
You need catalytic crackers and separating towers.
It's a major industrial process, not easily replicated on a small scale.dermatologist
However, the process that does what you want was developed way back in the 1890's. The microscopic scale was then upped to the size we see today in modern refineries.
Catalysts are expensive, and perform a specific job in the cracking towers. If you were able to control the heating and the temperature in a small tower, then you could, indeed produce gasoline; not much, an egg cup full at most.
Dr AntonyHow do you refine crude oil into gasoline if you have some laying around your property?
You don't
You need catalytic crackers and separating towers.
It's a major industrial process, not easily replicated on a small scale.
Does mustard oil have fat like refined vegetable or sunflower oil ?
if one is on a diet, not very strict tho, is it ok to cook food in mustard oil rather than sunflower or vegetable oil. Woould that be of nay help to avoid fatty food ?
thanksDoes mustard oil have fat like refined vegetable or sunflower oil ?
Oil is a type of fat so anything that has the name oil is going to have 9cals/gram. Don't concentrate on low fat, instead try to balance and moderate fat. Sugar and refined flour products are the real bad guys. Ease up on soda and white bread. You have to have adequate amounts of good fats in your diet ti burn fat, make hormones etc. If you're not deep frying, the amount of fat used in cooking is usually negligible.
thanksDoes mustard oil have fat like refined vegetable or sunflower oil ?
Oil is a type of fat so anything that has the name oil is going to have 9cals/gram. Don't concentrate on low fat, instead try to balance and moderate fat. Sugar and refined flour products are the real bad guys. Ease up on soda and white bread. You have to have adequate amounts of good fats in your diet ti burn fat, make hormones etc. If you're not deep frying, the amount of fat used in cooking is usually negligible.
Monday, April 26, 2010
With oil becoming less accessible and more gooey,hard to refine, what plans do u have for alternatives?
Please don't tell me that you are rebuilding a 454 and that you could care less.With oil becoming less accessible and more gooey,hard to refine, what plans do u have for alternatives?
I bought 2 cars that run on natural gas (methane). Cheap to fill up ($10) and better for the environment, anyway. Check out my source and see if one would work for you. They're great!With oil becoming less accessible and more gooey,hard to refine, what plans do u have for alternatives?
Walking.
I bought 2 cars that run on natural gas (methane). Cheap to fill up ($10) and better for the environment, anyway. Check out my source and see if one would work for you. They're great!With oil becoming less accessible and more gooey,hard to refine, what plans do u have for alternatives?
Walking.
How many gallons of gas are refined from a barrel of crude oil?
One barrel of crude oil, when refined, produces about 20 gallons of finished motor gasoline, and 7 gallons of diesel, as well as other petroleum products.
How many gallons of gasoline can they refine from one barrel of oil?
http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/en鈥?/a>How many gallons of gasoline can they refine from one barrel of oil?
The production is approximately 22 gallons of gasoline out of 48 gallons in a barrel of crude oil. It can vary up to about 28 gallons.How many gallons of gasoline can they refine from one barrel of oil?
that depends on what type of gas and the octane ration you want.
you can get about19-20 gallons of gasoline from a barrel of oil, in the oil business a barrel is 42 gals of crude oil. gas is about 45% of a barrel, the rest is jet fuel ,motor oil ,lubrication
The production is approximately 22 gallons of gasoline out of 48 gallons in a barrel of crude oil. It can vary up to about 28 gallons.How many gallons of gasoline can they refine from one barrel of oil?
that depends on what type of gas and the octane ration you want.
you can get about19-20 gallons of gasoline from a barrel of oil, in the oil business a barrel is 42 gals of crude oil. gas is about 45% of a barrel, the rest is jet fuel ,motor oil ,lubrication
A Q for oil experts:What R the refining margins of running OPEC & inhouse crudes(@126$/BBL) to make Gasoline?
This is not a pricing Q or an S%26amp;D Q! Pls specify margins on a per barrel (42 gallons/BBL) basis and differentiate betw the domestic inhouse crudes from oilco wells and OPEC crudes imported by tankers. Assume the 126$ price is in the crude storage tanks before it is charged to the primary distillation towers. That leaves out the transportation costs of getting the crude from the ground to the refinery. Pls no novice answers or unsubstantiated answers!. IDK's are not bona fide answers!A Q for oil experts:What R the refining margins of running OPEC %26amp; inhouse crudes(@126$/BBL) to make Gasoline?
I'm no expert, but was able to get on the net and look up some of the answers.- from 1999 to 2004 the profit margins almost doubled from 22.8 cents per gallon to 40.8 cents per gallon- Wish i could have gotten the margins for 2007.
On the west coast the numbers are more recent. 5 years ago the margin on a barrel was 17 dollars and last year it was 39 dollars a barrel. It would seem that the margins are contributing to some increase in the cost of energy. but the refineries are not all to blame in the jump in the cost of energy. I could not find the figures on the difference on OPEC crude and home crude, but i believe that the OPEC crude is referred to light sweet crude and is cheaper to refine then domesticate crude. I know that you asked for the oil experts to answer, but I fear that if they are experts, they will not be passing their time answering yahoo questions.
I'm no expert, but was able to get on the net and look up some of the answers.- from 1999 to 2004 the profit margins almost doubled from 22.8 cents per gallon to 40.8 cents per gallon- Wish i could have gotten the margins for 2007.
On the west coast the numbers are more recent. 5 years ago the margin on a barrel was 17 dollars and last year it was 39 dollars a barrel. It would seem that the margins are contributing to some increase in the cost of energy. but the refineries are not all to blame in the jump in the cost of energy. I could not find the figures on the difference on OPEC crude and home crude, but i believe that the OPEC crude is referred to light sweet crude and is cheaper to refine then domesticate crude. I know that you asked for the oil experts to answer, but I fear that if they are experts, they will not be passing their time answering yahoo questions.
When using jojoba oil for hair and skin, do I get the refined (clear) or unrefined (golden) stuff?
I'm getting confused, which one am I supposed to use? If it says ';pure'; does that mean it's unrefined?When using jojoba oil for hair and skin, do I get the refined (clear) or unrefined (golden) stuff?
The unrefned is is the golden colored one so is the pure one and has all the vital essential nutrients which are beneficial to skin and that nurture it and ward off aging and is a perfect moisturizer. You will need no other. Keeps skin young looking and healthy. Massage thoroughly into skin each day and you will quickly see the results - even on the first day. Skin will tighten become smoother and develop a healthy glow. See my many Best Answers (skin conditions, skin aging, etc.). I give very precise info on how best to massage. Some have glowing reports from users. If you cannot find, email me and I will gladly email you the full instructions.Treatment has helped some users regain a considerably younger skin. I also thoroughly massage oils into hair and then brush quite energetically daily so it gets into roots and stimulates and heals scalp.This has restored my hair to complete health. It has made hair thicker, stronger and it grows faster and has given it a wonderful sheen.dermatologist
The unrefned is is the golden colored one so is the pure one and has all the vital essential nutrients which are beneficial to skin and that nurture it and ward off aging and is a perfect moisturizer. You will need no other. Keeps skin young looking and healthy. Massage thoroughly into skin each day and you will quickly see the results - even on the first day. Skin will tighten become smoother and develop a healthy glow. See my many Best Answers (skin conditions, skin aging, etc.). I give very precise info on how best to massage. Some have glowing reports from users. If you cannot find, email me and I will gladly email you the full instructions.Treatment has helped some users regain a considerably younger skin. I also thoroughly massage oils into hair and then brush quite energetically daily so it gets into roots and stimulates and heals scalp.This has restored my hair to complete health. It has made hair thicker, stronger and it grows faster and has given it a wonderful sheen.
Do you think bacon grease be refined like oil to make a fuel that will burn in a car?
I seen on TV On a documentry that they are experiementing with cooked grease to use for fueling a car. That they are asking restaurants to save all there grease and they are refining it to use for fuel. Maybe in the future we will have a car that will run on cooked used grease. Won't that be cheaper?Do you think bacon grease be refined like oil to make a fuel that will burn in a car?
Homer Simpson tried to profit in the bacon-grease business, with humorous results. Yeah, it can, but is it worth it?Do you think bacon grease be refined like oil to make a fuel that will burn in a car?
Yes
Yeah, I think a diesel will burn most anything like that.
One guy made some modifications to his car to burn the used oil from chinese restaurants. At Yellowstone, a bear tried to eat his car.
only in a deasil
There are a small number of cars already on the road that burn various types of cooking oils. These engine/fuel combos are called ';bio diesels.'; Usually the prefered oil is used vegetable oils such as those used for french frys, although I think bacon grease would work.
There are a couple big negatives. 1) The used oil must be filtered to remove large and small solid chunks. 2) It must be heated slightly to be liquid enough to pass thru the fuel system. So the ';gas tank'; must have some type of built-in heater.
Yeah, but it would be better to refine the used oil from a restaurants deep fat fryer. The fuel is called bio-diesel and it is something that a person can make in their own basement, but it requires playing around with chemicals like lye which can be dangerous. Check online for Bio diesel set ups and you will find plenty of resources on setting up your own refinery and what types of engines work best with bio diesel. Just be ready to leave a trail of fumes that smells alot like whatever was cooked in the grease. Bacon, Fries, Dougnuts etc.
Homer Simpson tried to profit in the bacon-grease business, with humorous results. Yeah, it can, but is it worth it?Do you think bacon grease be refined like oil to make a fuel that will burn in a car?
Yes
Yeah, I think a diesel will burn most anything like that.
One guy made some modifications to his car to burn the used oil from chinese restaurants. At Yellowstone, a bear tried to eat his car.
only in a deasil
There are a small number of cars already on the road that burn various types of cooking oils. These engine/fuel combos are called ';bio diesels.'; Usually the prefered oil is used vegetable oils such as those used for french frys, although I think bacon grease would work.
There are a couple big negatives. 1) The used oil must be filtered to remove large and small solid chunks. 2) It must be heated slightly to be liquid enough to pass thru the fuel system. So the ';gas tank'; must have some type of built-in heater.
Yeah, but it would be better to refine the used oil from a restaurants deep fat fryer. The fuel is called bio-diesel and it is something that a person can make in their own basement, but it requires playing around with chemicals like lye which can be dangerous. Check online for Bio diesel set ups and you will find plenty of resources on setting up your own refinery and what types of engines work best with bio diesel. Just be ready to leave a trail of fumes that smells alot like whatever was cooked in the grease. Bacon, Fries, Dougnuts etc.
How to re-refine the used lubricant oil?
Essentially, used engine oil is better and easier to refine (IE cleaner) then crude. More on it. http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/use鈥?/a>
Are there any re-refined oil products being sold in Europe?
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Is it true after heating Olive Oil, it looses all its properties and becomes like an ordinary refined oil.?
Recently I started using Olive Oil for food. For cooking also im using it. but in one of healthshow they said after heating Olive oil it looses its properties and becomes ordinary refined Oil. How far is it true. How I can get the best out of it. Coz I wanna follow healthy life style.Is it true after heating Olive Oil, it looses all its properties and becomes like an ordinary refined oil.?
It's OK if cooked for a short period, such as in a stir-fry. Longer cooking will do that. The best way to use it is straight from the bottle.Is it true after heating Olive Oil, it looses all its properties and becomes like an ordinary refined oil.?
No, it's stable up to a certain temp (med hi) though can't recall an actual number. It's known to be pretty good that way. Just don't deep fry or really heat the hell out of it. I'm sure you can find the temp online somewhere, but my bottle of spectrum always had a little pic of thermometer man pointing at medium high.
Dont believe the media crap, olive oil is great anyway.
Also it is great to bath with, put in ears,use for nails,
make hair grow, put on salads etc.
Olive oil, as with any fatty substance, deteriorates during the frying process especially if it is used over and over and if the frying temperature is very high. High temperature destroys the good ingredients of any oil while it creates harmful agents for the liver, the arteries and the heart.
It is important however to take into consideration that these harmful agents are less likely to be created in olive oil than in all other known vegetable oils and this is because olive oil has a different composition. It contains a high percentage of oleic acid, which is much more resistant to oxidization than the polyunsaturated acids, which are found in large amounts in seed oils. But more importantly olive oil contains natural anti-oxidizing agents such as phenols and vitamin E. When heated, olive oil is the most stable fat, which means it stands up well to high frying temperatures. Its high smoking point (210潞 C) is well above the ideal temperature for frying food (180潞 C). The digestibility of olive oil is not affected when it is heated, even when it is re-used several times for frying.
thats correct
It's OK if cooked for a short period, such as in a stir-fry. Longer cooking will do that. The best way to use it is straight from the bottle.Is it true after heating Olive Oil, it looses all its properties and becomes like an ordinary refined oil.?
No, it's stable up to a certain temp (med hi) though can't recall an actual number. It's known to be pretty good that way. Just don't deep fry or really heat the hell out of it. I'm sure you can find the temp online somewhere, but my bottle of spectrum always had a little pic of thermometer man pointing at medium high.
Dont believe the media crap, olive oil is great anyway.
Also it is great to bath with, put in ears,use for nails,
make hair grow, put on salads etc.
Olive oil, as with any fatty substance, deteriorates during the frying process especially if it is used over and over and if the frying temperature is very high. High temperature destroys the good ingredients of any oil while it creates harmful agents for the liver, the arteries and the heart.
It is important however to take into consideration that these harmful agents are less likely to be created in olive oil than in all other known vegetable oils and this is because olive oil has a different composition. It contains a high percentage of oleic acid, which is much more resistant to oxidization than the polyunsaturated acids, which are found in large amounts in seed oils. But more importantly olive oil contains natural anti-oxidizing agents such as phenols and vitamin E. When heated, olive oil is the most stable fat, which means it stands up well to high frying temperatures. Its high smoking point (210潞 C) is well above the ideal temperature for frying food (180潞 C). The digestibility of olive oil is not affected when it is heated, even when it is re-used several times for frying.
thats correct
How much oil does Mexico refine per year?
In 2001: 3.56 million barrels per day.
In 2007: 3.1 million barrels per day.
Convert that to a big number and there's your answer.How much oil does Mexico refine per year?
ebay
In 2007: 3.1 million barrels per day.
Convert that to a big number and there's your answer.How much oil does Mexico refine per year?
ebay
How many barrels of oil does an oil refinery have to refine in order to be a small, medium or large refinery?
Small: 1-1000 Barrels
Medium: 1000-100,000 Barrels
Large: 100,000-1,000,000 BarrelsHow many barrels of oil does an oil refinery have to refine in order to be a small, medium or large refinery?
My friend's dad works in the oil industry and said that this was a good estimate. Obviously not a ';trusted'; source, but if you look up major oil refineries you will see these numbers are pretty accurate. Report Abuse
dermatologist
Medium: 1000-100,000 Barrels
Large: 100,000-1,000,000 BarrelsHow many barrels of oil does an oil refinery have to refine in order to be a small, medium or large refinery?
My friend's dad works in the oil industry and said that this was a good estimate. Obviously not a ';trusted'; source, but if you look up major oil refineries you will see these numbers are pretty accurate. Report Abuse
How much gasoline is refined or cracked from one barrel of crude oil?
It depends on the process and type of crude, but normally somewhere between 17 gallons and 25 gallons. Depending on the technology used the refiner can elect to vary within this range. The remaining product is mostly fuel oil/diesel. (Right now Diesel is more valuable so they are likely producing on the low end of my gasoline range).
Do you think it costs more for foreign countries to refine our oil or less?
I watched a TV program a few weeks ago that said the US must have foreign countries refine our oil because we haven't built a new refinery since the 70s and we can't keep up with demand.
Do you think that is causing higher prices at the pump or not?
Why or why not?Do you think it costs more for foreign countries to refine our oil or less?
no not really because Citgo is usually the cheapest gas and all their gas is refined in VenezuelaDo you think it costs more for foreign countries to refine our oil or less?
That is true. The environmentalists won't allow the oil companies to build any new refineries, which means that environmentalists have a big chunk of the blame for the current gas prices. But, I don't think having foreign countries refine it would help. After all, the fuel costs of transporting the oil there and the gas back here would offset any cost benefits.
to answer your first question, no, thats why its done abroad (assuming it is, which im not sure)
is this causing higher prices? no, and the reason is, its been the same well before this happened, as you pointed out, ever since the 70s. so no its not why there are higher prices than a few years ago.
Importing refined product is more expensive than refining domestically.
While no new refineries have been build in over 30 years, due to environmentalist campaigns against them, refinery capacity has increased, as the existing ones have been expanded. Not nearly enough to keep up with demand, but it's happened.
i think partially taxes, partially the monopoly that the oil businesses are trying to create (hey guys lets all raise in price and we'll all profit, very few businesses control oil) we have created oil refinerys since the 70s but businesses are so keen to outsource because cost of labor is so high in the US. they make bigger margins in other countries.
we could probably outsource it to some Indian interns for 1/3 the price! We do half of our technologies that way already it seems o.O
The price at the pump seems to have more to do with the price per barrel of crude than the amount of refineries.. if you need proof of that just look back over the last month.. crude jumped $20 dollars a barrel and gas jumped $0.40 per gallon.
Yes the lack of refineries limits the supply that can be made available at any given moment. If there were more refineries there would be more supply...thus lower prices
Greed! All the explanations are just smoke and mirrors
Do you think that is causing higher prices at the pump or not?
Why or why not?Do you think it costs more for foreign countries to refine our oil or less?
no not really because Citgo is usually the cheapest gas and all their gas is refined in VenezuelaDo you think it costs more for foreign countries to refine our oil or less?
That is true. The environmentalists won't allow the oil companies to build any new refineries, which means that environmentalists have a big chunk of the blame for the current gas prices. But, I don't think having foreign countries refine it would help. After all, the fuel costs of transporting the oil there and the gas back here would offset any cost benefits.
to answer your first question, no, thats why its done abroad (assuming it is, which im not sure)
is this causing higher prices? no, and the reason is, its been the same well before this happened, as you pointed out, ever since the 70s. so no its not why there are higher prices than a few years ago.
Importing refined product is more expensive than refining domestically.
While no new refineries have been build in over 30 years, due to environmentalist campaigns against them, refinery capacity has increased, as the existing ones have been expanded. Not nearly enough to keep up with demand, but it's happened.
i think partially taxes, partially the monopoly that the oil businesses are trying to create (hey guys lets all raise in price and we'll all profit, very few businesses control oil) we have created oil refinerys since the 70s but businesses are so keen to outsource because cost of labor is so high in the US. they make bigger margins in other countries.
we could probably outsource it to some Indian interns for 1/3 the price! We do half of our technologies that way already it seems o.O
The price at the pump seems to have more to do with the price per barrel of crude than the amount of refineries.. if you need proof of that just look back over the last month.. crude jumped $20 dollars a barrel and gas jumped $0.40 per gallon.
Yes the lack of refineries limits the supply that can be made available at any given moment. If there were more refineries there would be more supply...thus lower prices
Greed! All the explanations are just smoke and mirrors
What is the name of the process by which crude oil is refined?
Finishing school ;-)What is the name of the process by which crude oil is refined?
fractional distilationWhat is the name of the process by which crude oil is refined?
Cracking
Distillation. As the number os phases increase in distillation process we get purer and purer forms of gasoline. Like if we see the fuel used by formula1 cars is octane97 (97% purified crudeoil) comes at the highest level of distillation and so is very costly while the general consumption gasoline is Octane 92. Now-a-days in India we are getting Octane 94 for consumption as well
fractional distilation
cracking
Catalytic cracking?
fractional distilation or egg nog
Refining's Basic Steps
Most refineries, regardless of complexity, perform a few basic steps in the refining process: DISTILLATION, CRACKING, TREATING and REFORMING. .
Cat cracking. For more details look it up on the web under Oil Drum cracking refineries.
fractional distillation
i thought it was condensation polymerisation
fractional distilationWhat is the name of the process by which crude oil is refined?
Cracking
Distillation. As the number os phases increase in distillation process we get purer and purer forms of gasoline. Like if we see the fuel used by formula1 cars is octane97 (97% purified crudeoil) comes at the highest level of distillation and so is very costly while the general consumption gasoline is Octane 92. Now-a-days in India we are getting Octane 94 for consumption as well
fractional distilation
cracking
Catalytic cracking?
fractional distilation or egg nog
Refining's Basic Steps
Most refineries, regardless of complexity, perform a few basic steps in the refining process: DISTILLATION, CRACKING, TREATING and REFORMING. .
Cat cracking. For more details look it up on the web under Oil Drum cracking refineries.
fractional distillation
i thought it was condensation polymerisation
What is the average time for oil to be pumped from the ground, refined, and delivered to the pump as gas?
For example, once a single drop of oil is pumped out of the gound in the Gulf of Mexico, how long does it take the refined product of that drop to reach the gas tank of my car in Ohio? I know that the time will vary depending on where it is pumped from and my proximity to the source, but is it poosible to determine the average?What is the average time for oil to be pumped from the ground, refined, and delivered to the pump as gas?
i think it`s impossible to determine that...because to determine an average time you have to make a chain of guesses and possibilities which make the determination unreal. anyhow it`s a so very complicated chain....What is the average time for oil to be pumped from the ground, refined, and delivered to the pump as gas?
send an email asking mobil, caltex or some other oil producer... like the USA govermant
i think it`s impossible to determine that...because to determine an average time you have to make a chain of guesses and possibilities which make the determination unreal. anyhow it`s a so very complicated chain....What is the average time for oil to be pumped from the ground, refined, and delivered to the pump as gas?
send an email asking mobil, caltex or some other oil producer... like the USA govermant
Is it possible to mix refined mineral oil with diesel fuel and use as fuel for diesel engine.?
That is the beauty of the diesel engine. Because of the high compression it will burn about anything. My wife fries alot and I alway put the leftover grease in the tank. You will not believe this but I changed the oil on my motorcycle and used the old oil as fuel. My truck runs great. Sometimes I will get some popcorn like smell or extra smoke but the engine purrs like a kitten.Is it possible to mix refined mineral oil with diesel fuel and use as fuel for diesel engine.?
Adding things other than diesel or biodiesel to your diesel tank will negatively affect the engine. It may run for a very long time still, but it's life will be shortened.
There have been many studies on this. Unheated vegetable oil or motor oil excessively wear fuel system components, and may damage piston rings as well.
Also, burning used motor oil in your engine is very bad for the environment.Is it possible to mix refined mineral oil with diesel fuel and use as fuel for diesel engine.?
Yes. I use it in my purge tank,to counteract this new diesel,and to keep from having to turn my fuel heaters off.
Baby oil smells real good.
Well, mineral oil is not combustible, so you might as well be adding water to your diesel.
Adding things other than diesel or biodiesel to your diesel tank will negatively affect the engine. It may run for a very long time still, but it's life will be shortened.
There have been many studies on this. Unheated vegetable oil or motor oil excessively wear fuel system components, and may damage piston rings as well.
Also, burning used motor oil in your engine is very bad for the environment.Is it possible to mix refined mineral oil with diesel fuel and use as fuel for diesel engine.?
Yes. I use it in my purge tank,to counteract this new diesel,and to keep from having to turn my fuel heaters off.
Baby oil smells real good.
Well, mineral oil is not combustible, so you might as well be adding water to your diesel.
Looking for a highly refined mineral oil for cosmetic purposes. Is baby oil a good selection?
鈻?yup, baby oil is made from mineral oil and it's not harsh on the skin. :)Looking for a highly refined mineral oil for cosmetic purposes. Is baby oil a good selection?
its mostly for dry scalpsdermatologist
its mostly for dry scalps
How many barrels of oil can be refined per day?
75.226 million barrels world wide, according to the source listed below.
Regards,
Dan
Regards,
Dan
Can i use refined sunthickened linseed oil for cricket bat?
Personally, I wouldn't use anything other than Raw Linseed oil.
If you are unable to get hold of the real stuff then you're better off leaving un-oiled - you can do far more damage by over oiling or using the wrong stuff than you will ever do by not oiling in the first place.Can i use refined sunthickened linseed oil for cricket bat?
I THINK SO YOU CAN.NOT SURECan i use refined sunthickened linseed oil for cricket bat?
You can I suppose if you just wanna keep it in good nik and put it aside as a display in your cabinet, but if you use it for playing what's the point it'll only get buggered in time anyway.
yes sure you can BUT make sure it isn't to thick (like honey)
put more than 5 coats on the first time you apply but then 2 monthly
yes
If you are unable to get hold of the real stuff then you're better off leaving un-oiled - you can do far more damage by over oiling or using the wrong stuff than you will ever do by not oiling in the first place.Can i use refined sunthickened linseed oil for cricket bat?
I THINK SO YOU CAN.NOT SURECan i use refined sunthickened linseed oil for cricket bat?
You can I suppose if you just wanna keep it in good nik and put it aside as a display in your cabinet, but if you use it for playing what's the point it'll only get buggered in time anyway.
yes sure you can BUT make sure it isn't to thick (like honey)
put more than 5 coats on the first time you apply but then 2 monthly
yes
Can crude oil be refined to yield more gasoline vs diesel fuel?
Absolutely--and it affects the price of diesel, especially when supplies run low. During normal distillation of crude, more diesel is produced per barrel than gasoline. BUT the crazy petrochemical engineers ';crack'; the diesel (higher molecular weight hydrocarbon chains) into the shorter molecular weight hydrocarbons (gasoline) using all different kinds of processes, including sub-zero temperatures and exotic catalysts. They can change the yeild so the crude becomes more gasoline than diesel. So in a word--YEP! They do it all the time.Can crude oil be refined to yield more gasoline vs diesel fuel?
DIESEL IS WHAT'S LEFT OVER AFTER THEY MAKE GAS.
DIESEL IS WHAT'S LEFT OVER AFTER THEY MAKE GAS.
WHICH IS THE BEST REFINED OIL TO INCREASE LEVEL OF HDL CHOLESTROL?
olive
extra virginWHICH IS THE BEST REFINED OIL TO INCREASE LEVEL OF HDL CHOLESTROL?
I think Soya bean refine oil will be best. It is the complete healthy oil,containing B vitamins, calcium and even known for super healthy omega-3 fatty acids. WHICH IS THE BEST REFINED OIL TO INCREASE LEVEL OF HDL CHOLESTROL?
I believe there is no oil that can increase HDL.
The only way is to have good amount of excercise.
flaxseed oil .read about it.
seasons canola oil
just some exercise
%26amp; pure oil
suffola gold oil
extra virginWHICH IS THE BEST REFINED OIL TO INCREASE LEVEL OF HDL CHOLESTROL?
I think Soya bean refine oil will be best. It is the complete healthy oil,containing B vitamins, calcium and even known for super healthy omega-3 fatty acids. WHICH IS THE BEST REFINED OIL TO INCREASE LEVEL OF HDL CHOLESTROL?
I believe there is no oil that can increase HDL.
The only way is to have good amount of excercise.
flaxseed oil .read about it.
seasons canola oil
just some exercise
%26amp; pure oil
suffola gold oil
How much petrol is refined from a barrel of oil?
I have a bet about tjis if I were to buy a 200litre barrel of oil and processed and refined it in the usual way how much petrol would I get back from the original total?????
How much petrol is refined from a barrel of oil?
A barrel of crude oil (42 US Gallons) will yield slightly more than 44 gallons of finished refinery products. This is due to the reduction in density of many crude components during processing. Here is the break-down from a ';typical'; barrel of oil.
Finished Motor Gasoline 19.5 gallons
Distillate Fuel Oil 8.61 gallons
Jet Fuel 4.20 gallons
Residual Fuel Oil 2.77 gallons
Petroleum Coke 1.60 gallons
Ashphalt and road oils 1.39 gallons
Liquified Gases 1.43 gallons
Petrochemical feedstocks 1.22 gallons
Miscellaneous 2.98 gallons
Finished Aviation Gasoline 0.08 gallons
Kerosene 0.25 gallonsHow much petrol is refined from a barrel of oil?
In the initial analysis the ammount will vary according to the type of crude, light crude contains more of the lower molecular weight components than heavy crude, so it is preferred for petrol production, but cracking may be used to produce more lower molecular weight components [if these are what is required] albeit more expensively
An average of 20 US gallons, but it will depend totally on the constituents of the crude. Every crude is different. Some crudes give more lighter ends/heavier ends, others give more middle products.
Here's the info for some californian crude
http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/gasoline/wha鈥?/a>
One barrel of crude oil makes about 19陆 gallons of gasoline, 9 gallons of fuel oil, 4 gallons of jet fuel, and 11 gallons of other products, including lubricants, kerosene, asphalt, and petrochemical feedstocks to make plastics
How much petrol is refined from a barrel of oil?
A barrel of crude oil (42 US Gallons) will yield slightly more than 44 gallons of finished refinery products. This is due to the reduction in density of many crude components during processing. Here is the break-down from a ';typical'; barrel of oil.
Finished Motor Gasoline 19.5 gallons
Distillate Fuel Oil 8.61 gallons
Jet Fuel 4.20 gallons
Residual Fuel Oil 2.77 gallons
Petroleum Coke 1.60 gallons
Ashphalt and road oils 1.39 gallons
Liquified Gases 1.43 gallons
Petrochemical feedstocks 1.22 gallons
Miscellaneous 2.98 gallons
Finished Aviation Gasoline 0.08 gallons
Kerosene 0.25 gallonsHow much petrol is refined from a barrel of oil?
In the initial analysis the ammount will vary according to the type of crude, light crude contains more of the lower molecular weight components than heavy crude, so it is preferred for petrol production, but cracking may be used to produce more lower molecular weight components [if these are what is required] albeit more expensively
An average of 20 US gallons, but it will depend totally on the constituents of the crude. Every crude is different. Some crudes give more lighter ends/heavier ends, others give more middle products.
Here's the info for some californian crude
http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/gasoline/wha鈥?/a>
One barrel of crude oil makes about 19陆 gallons of gasoline, 9 gallons of fuel oil, 4 gallons of jet fuel, and 11 gallons of other products, including lubricants, kerosene, asphalt, and petrochemical feedstocks to make plastics
If we could use our OWN natural resources for oil, refine etc... What would that do the cost of gas we pay?
Our friends to the north have more oil in oil-sand than all of South America and the US has more oil in shale than all of the Middle-East.
Given this knowledge why are Americans paying over $3 dollars per gallon for gasoline?
You know what they say, follow the money!!!
Who is benefiting from price gouging of the American public at the pump???If we could use our OWN natural resources for oil, refine etc... What would that do the cost of gas we pay?
Well we produce about a quarter of the oil we use. So that would probably triple the cost of gas if we cut off all our imports probably more. Which would be silly considering how much comes from Canada.dermatologist
Given this knowledge why are Americans paying over $3 dollars per gallon for gasoline?
You know what they say, follow the money!!!
Who is benefiting from price gouging of the American public at the pump???If we could use our OWN natural resources for oil, refine etc... What would that do the cost of gas we pay?
Well we produce about a quarter of the oil we use. So that would probably triple the cost of gas if we cut off all our imports probably more. Which would be silly considering how much comes from Canada.
How is gasoline refined from oil?
Well, Robert said it very well.
At a layman level: Think of crude oil is a mixture of lots of different compounds with different boiling temperatures.
We use this difference in boiling temperatures to separate them in big towers called distillation columns.
This is only the beginning of the process. Gasoline is a mixture of lots of fractions coming from many units inside a refinery.How is gasoline refined from oil?
crude oil is heated at a certain temperature to form petrol and an other for dieselHow is gasoline refined from oil?
Basically Heat and pressure cause the separation of the gas from the crude oil.
That is the easiest way to tell you
Boilermaker Local 13.
I have tore them apart and put them together.
Very brief answer on some of the processes I was once somewhat familiar with neglecting some detail. Crude oil is distilled in a large distillation column into a number of fractions. One of these fractions containing hydrocarbons about in the range C5 to C10 is called naptha. It contains too many saturated and straight chain molecules to have a high enough octane rating for use in motor cars. It also contains sulphur compounds. The sulphur can be converted to H2S and distilled off in a process known as distillate hydro treating. In this process the distillate with hydrogen is passed over a catalyst (I think at about 100 to 150 psig and 500 or 600F) where the reactions occur. The distillate can then be passed on to a catalytic reformer which converts a lot of the paraffins and napthenes to aromatic compounds which have a high octane number. The reformer reactors operates at temperatures approaching 1000F at the inlets and typically pressures 300 to 350 psig. The catalyst is platinum in porous silicate beads. The process is endothermic and produces excess hydrogen. Heavier crude oil fractions can also be converted in part to lighter fractions with the right boiling point for gasoline. The processes are fluidised bed catalytic cracking and hydrocracking. Isobutane is also sometimes converted to heavier material in a process known as alkylation.
Principally by distillation. However there are many other steps such as reforming, blending, cracking etc,etc. It all starts by feeding crude oil to a distillation column.
Well done Robert! A complete answer that a lazy b****r like me failed to do!
At a layman level: Think of crude oil is a mixture of lots of different compounds with different boiling temperatures.
We use this difference in boiling temperatures to separate them in big towers called distillation columns.
This is only the beginning of the process. Gasoline is a mixture of lots of fractions coming from many units inside a refinery.How is gasoline refined from oil?
crude oil is heated at a certain temperature to form petrol and an other for dieselHow is gasoline refined from oil?
Basically Heat and pressure cause the separation of the gas from the crude oil.
That is the easiest way to tell you
Boilermaker Local 13.
I have tore them apart and put them together.
Very brief answer on some of the processes I was once somewhat familiar with neglecting some detail. Crude oil is distilled in a large distillation column into a number of fractions. One of these fractions containing hydrocarbons about in the range C5 to C10 is called naptha. It contains too many saturated and straight chain molecules to have a high enough octane rating for use in motor cars. It also contains sulphur compounds. The sulphur can be converted to H2S and distilled off in a process known as distillate hydro treating. In this process the distillate with hydrogen is passed over a catalyst (I think at about 100 to 150 psig and 500 or 600F) where the reactions occur. The distillate can then be passed on to a catalytic reformer which converts a lot of the paraffins and napthenes to aromatic compounds which have a high octane number. The reformer reactors operates at temperatures approaching 1000F at the inlets and typically pressures 300 to 350 psig. The catalyst is platinum in porous silicate beads. The process is endothermic and produces excess hydrogen. Heavier crude oil fractions can also be converted in part to lighter fractions with the right boiling point for gasoline. The processes are fluidised bed catalytic cracking and hydrocracking. Isobutane is also sometimes converted to heavier material in a process known as alkylation.
Principally by distillation. However there are many other steps such as reforming, blending, cracking etc,etc. It all starts by feeding crude oil to a distillation column.
Well done Robert! A complete answer that a lazy b****r like me failed to do!
Why is crude oil as expensive as refined gasoline?
1 barrel = 34 gallons for $89.00
89 devied by 34= $2.62.Why is crude oil as expensive as refined gasoline?
Well, for one, a barrel is 42 gallons of crude
Strangely enough though, only about half of that after refining is gasoline.
There are several more products however that come from the residuals. There is a net gain from the additives included in the refining process. one 42 gallon barrell of oil results in approximately 49 gallons of petroleum products. Some of these products like petroleum based lubricants sell for much higher prices than a gallon of gasoline. For instance a spray lubricant that is petroleum based may sell for 2 or 3 dollars but only be 12 ounces in volume.
If 50% of the refined product (approx 24.5 gallons) are made into products that sell for much higher prices than gasoline, then the gasoline portion needs to attain less sale price to make up the difference.
For instance, if the 24.5 gallons of other products that come from one barrell of refined oil can sell for $500 and thwe 24.5 gallons of gas sell for $3.00 a gallon, then the cost of the crude is much lower than the final product.
Take a random product for instance. ';CRC 3-36'; industrial lubricant. It is a petroleum based product derived from crude residuals from the refining process. This stuff sells for $7.00 for an 11 ounce can. As there are 128 ounces in a gallon, then one gallon of the stuff would sell for $81 per gallon. With part of the barrel going for this type of price after refining, you will find that the cost of crude being compared to the price of gasoline is fairly insignificant compared to the potential profit in the other products. Theoretically you could pay more for a gallon of the crude than you sell a gallon of the gas and still make profit off the other products. See the last link for information on types of actual profit derived from one barrelWhy is crude oil as expensive as refined gasoline?
Well look 1 barrel of crude can make up to 3 barrels of refined gasoline as well as amounts of tar, natural gas, kerosene, diesel, and car oil.
So just for arguments sake
1 barrel=34 gallons for say $90.00.
34*3=102 gallons
90/102=$0.88 a gallon.
1 bbl=42 gallons
89 devied by 34= $2.62.Why is crude oil as expensive as refined gasoline?
Well, for one, a barrel is 42 gallons of crude
Strangely enough though, only about half of that after refining is gasoline.
There are several more products however that come from the residuals. There is a net gain from the additives included in the refining process. one 42 gallon barrell of oil results in approximately 49 gallons of petroleum products. Some of these products like petroleum based lubricants sell for much higher prices than a gallon of gasoline. For instance a spray lubricant that is petroleum based may sell for 2 or 3 dollars but only be 12 ounces in volume.
If 50% of the refined product (approx 24.5 gallons) are made into products that sell for much higher prices than gasoline, then the gasoline portion needs to attain less sale price to make up the difference.
For instance, if the 24.5 gallons of other products that come from one barrell of refined oil can sell for $500 and thwe 24.5 gallons of gas sell for $3.00 a gallon, then the cost of the crude is much lower than the final product.
Take a random product for instance. ';CRC 3-36'; industrial lubricant. It is a petroleum based product derived from crude residuals from the refining process. This stuff sells for $7.00 for an 11 ounce can. As there are 128 ounces in a gallon, then one gallon of the stuff would sell for $81 per gallon. With part of the barrel going for this type of price after refining, you will find that the cost of crude being compared to the price of gasoline is fairly insignificant compared to the potential profit in the other products. Theoretically you could pay more for a gallon of the crude than you sell a gallon of the gas and still make profit off the other products. See the last link for information on types of actual profit derived from one barrelWhy is crude oil as expensive as refined gasoline?
Well look 1 barrel of crude can make up to 3 barrels of refined gasoline as well as amounts of tar, natural gas, kerosene, diesel, and car oil.
So just for arguments sake
1 barrel=34 gallons for say $90.00.
34*3=102 gallons
90/102=$0.88 a gallon.
1 bbl=42 gallons
Is triple refined vegetable oil for cooking 'bad'?
It doesn't say the source on the bottle but I assume it's sunflower or corn.Is triple refined vegetable oil for cooking 'bad'?
Partially hydrogenated margarines and shortenings are even worse for you than the highly refined vegetable oils from which they are made because of chemical changes that occur during the hydrogenation process.The two sites to visit the first one is more in depth and is about half way down the page,.All in all, triple refined , sure they tried to take the junk out but the process of how they do it kills off the good and the chemical residue is still there.Think twice and great question.
Partially hydrogenated margarines and shortenings are even worse for you than the highly refined vegetable oils from which they are made because of chemical changes that occur during the hydrogenation process.The two sites to visit the first one is more in depth and is about half way down the page,.All in all, triple refined , sure they tried to take the junk out but the process of how they do it kills off the good and the chemical residue is still there.Think twice and great question.
Can corn oil really be converted and refined into fuel for cars?
Sure, in some cars it can be used without conversion. The process converts corn oil into bio diesel. This is done by ';cracking'; the oil with lye and methanol alcohol. The byproduct is glycerin which is used for soap.
Older diesel cars like the 1980's Mercedes Benz 300 S Turbo-Diesel can use corn oil directly but not during cold weather unless a oil preheater is installed.
Unfortunately, there isn't enough Corn on the planet to even reduce crude oil consumption by 50%Can corn oil really be converted and refined into fuel for cars?
Yes it can, but its for disel based vehicles. It actually takes little or no energy to do. Its done by a chemical process called transesterification.
its actually better though to use food waste like fats and grease and also other types of oils not just the corn oil. Corn oil alone is not viable!Can corn oil really be converted and refined into fuel for cars?
yes it can it's called ethonal and it is in your gas now. there are alot of ethonal plants in the country
Corn oil ( cooking oil ) is $2.5 to $ 3 a quart . To further refine this oil into a fuel would make the cost $10. to $15 a gallon !! Corn is impractical as a fuel !! As oil or as ethanol !
In the old days us bootleggers, made corn mash, cooked it down and fermented it through some copper tubing to make 190+ Proof drinking alcohol. Drinking or driving, they both pack a wallop.
If the car has a Diesel engine, yes. For an Otto (conventional gasoline) engine, it would not be economic.
The original diesel engines ran on oils from corn and peanuts.
Older diesel cars like the 1980's Mercedes Benz 300 S Turbo-Diesel can use corn oil directly but not during cold weather unless a oil preheater is installed.
Unfortunately, there isn't enough Corn on the planet to even reduce crude oil consumption by 50%Can corn oil really be converted and refined into fuel for cars?
Yes it can, but its for disel based vehicles. It actually takes little or no energy to do. Its done by a chemical process called transesterification.
its actually better though to use food waste like fats and grease and also other types of oils not just the corn oil. Corn oil alone is not viable!Can corn oil really be converted and refined into fuel for cars?
yes it can it's called ethonal and it is in your gas now. there are alot of ethonal plants in the country
Corn oil ( cooking oil ) is $2.5 to $ 3 a quart . To further refine this oil into a fuel would make the cost $10. to $15 a gallon !! Corn is impractical as a fuel !! As oil or as ethanol !
In the old days us bootleggers, made corn mash, cooked it down and fermented it through some copper tubing to make 190+ Proof drinking alcohol. Drinking or driving, they both pack a wallop.
If the car has a Diesel engine, yes. For an Otto (conventional gasoline) engine, it would not be economic.
The original diesel engines ran on oils from corn and peanuts.
How Much Gasoline, Etc. Does a Barrel of Oil Yield (please Consider Energy Used to Refine the Oil)?
I guess this question is asking roughly what % of a barrel of oil is used for energy to refine the rest of the barrel of oil.How Much Gasoline, Etc. Does a Barrel of Oil Yield (please Consider Energy Used to Refine the Oil)?
Institute of Petroleum as well as canada energy board shows about 40% conversion from bbl of crude for gasoline. If you consider fuels for transportation and include diesel and jet fues you get around 70%
%26gt;%26gt; (Per link )
Petroleum distillation is an energy-intensive process, consuming about 40 percent of the energy used in oil refining%26lt;%26lt;How Much Gasoline, Etc. Does a Barrel of Oil Yield (please Consider Energy Used to Refine the Oil)?
First, the amount of gasoline produced from a barrel of oil can be controlled within certain ranges, and is done so to meet market demands. About 70-74% of a typical barrel of oil is converted into gasoline, heating oil, and diesel fuel. In winter, refineries produce more heating oil, whereas in summer they produce more gasoline. About 24 gallons of gasoline is typically produced from a light sweet (no sulfur) crude oil, whereas sulfur containing heavy crudes produce less gasoline.
Typically, the gasoline refining process is about 80% energy efficient. In other words, the energy equivalent of 1 gallon of gasoline is needed to produce 4 gallons of gasoline. The energy needed doesn't have to come from gasoline, but can come from other sources. In practice, it is the lighter hydrocarbons produced in the refinery process that are burned to provide the energy needed for distillation and other refining processes.
The increase in oil prices over the last few years has changed the energy economics of oil production. Higher oil prices mean that energy efficiency is more important, and it is now economically feasible to invest in processes to reduce the energy use in refineries. This is currently a major effort within the industry, but due to the intense competition between comapnies, details are not readily available.
about 28 gallons of gasoline per barrel of oil or roughly 66% of the barrel can be refined into gasoline.
Institute of Petroleum as well as canada energy board shows about 40% conversion from bbl of crude for gasoline. If you consider fuels for transportation and include diesel and jet fues you get around 70%
%26gt;%26gt; (Per link )
Petroleum distillation is an energy-intensive process, consuming about 40 percent of the energy used in oil refining%26lt;%26lt;How Much Gasoline, Etc. Does a Barrel of Oil Yield (please Consider Energy Used to Refine the Oil)?
First, the amount of gasoline produced from a barrel of oil can be controlled within certain ranges, and is done so to meet market demands. About 70-74% of a typical barrel of oil is converted into gasoline, heating oil, and diesel fuel. In winter, refineries produce more heating oil, whereas in summer they produce more gasoline. About 24 gallons of gasoline is typically produced from a light sweet (no sulfur) crude oil, whereas sulfur containing heavy crudes produce less gasoline.
Typically, the gasoline refining process is about 80% energy efficient. In other words, the energy equivalent of 1 gallon of gasoline is needed to produce 4 gallons of gasoline. The energy needed doesn't have to come from gasoline, but can come from other sources. In practice, it is the lighter hydrocarbons produced in the refinery process that are burned to provide the energy needed for distillation and other refining processes.
The increase in oil prices over the last few years has changed the energy economics of oil production. Higher oil prices mean that energy efficiency is more important, and it is now economically feasible to invest in processes to reduce the energy use in refineries. This is currently a major effort within the industry, but due to the intense competition between comapnies, details are not readily available.
about 28 gallons of gasoline per barrel of oil or roughly 66% of the barrel can be refined into gasoline.
Is there still a lot of oil refined in Romania today?
After the Allied air raids on Ploiest's oil fields and refineries did Romania manage to rebuilt this industryIs there still a lot of oil refined in Romania today?
Yes, Romania still has a relatively large petrochemical industry (not only that the Ploiesti refineries were rebuilt after the war, but many other larger refineries were built throughout the country, especially in the 1960s-70s), but it uses mostly imported oil.
This is because, after peaking in the mid 1970s, internal oil production began to shrink as oil fields were nearing depletion (in 2007 internal oil production was just 32.6 bn barrels).dermatologist
Yes, Romania still has a relatively large petrochemical industry (not only that the Ploiesti refineries were rebuilt after the war, but many other larger refineries were built throughout the country, especially in the 1960s-70s), but it uses mostly imported oil.
This is because, after peaking in the mid 1970s, internal oil production began to shrink as oil fields were nearing depletion (in 2007 internal oil production was just 32.6 bn barrels).
Tell meall about crude oil refining?
Crude oil is a complicated mixture of hydrocarbons, with a varying composition depending on its source. The hydrocarbons in crude oil have different boiling points, according to the number of carbon atoms their molecules contain and how they are arranged. Fractional distillation uses the difference in boiling point to separate the hydrocarbons in crude oil. The fractionating column is cooler at the top than the bottom, so the vapours cool as they rise.
Vapours condense onto a tray when they reach the part of the column which is cooler than their boiling point. The bubble caps help to slow down the vapours has they rise through the column. As the last gases from the bottom of the column pass through the holes in a tray, any lighter hydrocarbons still in the condensed liquid are boiled off, and rise through the column.
Lowering the pressure over a liquid will lower its boiling point. Heavy residues from the fractionating column are distilled again under a vacuum. This means that the heavier fractions can be further separated without high temperatures which would break them down. These are then passed on to the cracking unit or used to obtain types of lubricating oils or blended into industrial fuels.Tell meall about crude oil refining?
http://science.howstuffworks.com/oil-ref鈥?/a>
Vapours condense onto a tray when they reach the part of the column which is cooler than their boiling point. The bubble caps help to slow down the vapours has they rise through the column. As the last gases from the bottom of the column pass through the holes in a tray, any lighter hydrocarbons still in the condensed liquid are boiled off, and rise through the column.
Lowering the pressure over a liquid will lower its boiling point. Heavy residues from the fractionating column are distilled again under a vacuum. This means that the heavier fractions can be further separated without high temperatures which would break them down. These are then passed on to the cracking unit or used to obtain types of lubricating oils or blended into industrial fuels.Tell meall about crude oil refining?
http://science.howstuffworks.com/oil-ref鈥?/a>
Which is better: filtered groundnut oil OR refined sun flower oil?
Due to habit, my mother prefers using filtered ground nut oil instead of refined sun flower oil for cooking. Which one is actually better? Sun flower oil is light %26amp; I feel it is good for health. There are many ad-s these days that promote refined sun flower oil as the best for health. Plese advise.Which is better: filtered groundnut oil OR refined sun flower oil?
I FEEL SUNFLOWER OIL IS GOOD AS IT CONTAINS ALL THE NUTRIENTS THAT A BODY REQUIRESWhich is better: filtered groundnut oil OR refined sun flower oil?
It is better to use different types of oils as various oils provide various nutrients to the body. For daily cooking purposes we should use refined sunflower oil. For preparing snacks like frying pappads, groundnut oil will be better. For pickles, we should use gingelly oil. But some people don't like the bitter taste of gingelly oil. In that case it is better to use groundnut oil. Don't give up fats altogether. Our body requires certain amount of fats too.
Ur mother is right in using filtered groundnut oil.
Refined oils are more harmful to human body than filtered oils.. in refined oils, they remove such contents, which are useful to the body.
sun flower is the best.
I FEEL SUNFLOWER OIL IS GOOD AS IT CONTAINS ALL THE NUTRIENTS THAT A BODY REQUIRESWhich is better: filtered groundnut oil OR refined sun flower oil?
It is better to use different types of oils as various oils provide various nutrients to the body. For daily cooking purposes we should use refined sunflower oil. For preparing snacks like frying pappads, groundnut oil will be better. For pickles, we should use gingelly oil. But some people don't like the bitter taste of gingelly oil. In that case it is better to use groundnut oil. Don't give up fats altogether. Our body requires certain amount of fats too.
Ur mother is right in using filtered groundnut oil.
Refined oils are more harmful to human body than filtered oils.. in refined oils, they remove such contents, which are useful to the body.
sun flower is the best.
What is the alternative to bleaching earth in phisical refining of palm oil?.?
Control high temperature bleaching without bleaching earth.This technique has been successful in use by a lot of refinery instead of the convectional bleaching earthWhat is the alternative to bleaching earth in phisical refining of palm oil?.?
Not sure - may be vacuum distillation.
Not sure - may be vacuum distillation.
How much of the oil that's refined in Texas is kept here in the U.S.?
This question came from a discussion my dad and I had at a breakfast buffet this morning.
I know that we get our oil from the Saudis but how much of the oil do we get to keep that comes from places like Texas or Alaska (besides anybody from OPEC)?
No personal biases, please.
This question is under Social Sciences %26gt; Economics because I'm not sure where else it could go.How much of the oil that's refined in Texas is kept here in the U.S.?
Nearly all of it, I would expect. US capacity accounts for less than half of its consumption so there is very little outflow. While the market does something to disguise the origin of oil at the time of purchase, there's really no incentive for someone to take a tanker of oil from the US to anywhere else.
The US actually gets most of its imported oil from Canada and Mexico (non OPEC) with the Saudis coming in forth or fifth in the ranking.How much of the oil that's refined in Texas is kept here in the U.S.?
Most of the oil from alaska used to go to japan, as the japanese do not deal well with the arab nations.
that was a known statistic for years, not sure about 2008 though. Report Abuse
Oil is traded worldwide like money. If you send $100 thru western union from NY to someone in LA for example it doesnt mean that he/she will receive the same $100 bill you deposited.
In the case of oil the nearest ship carrying oil will unload regardless of source. So Texas oil might end up in Chicago and Venezuelan oil in Texas. Oil that perhaps was bought from the Saudis.
I know that we get our oil from the Saudis but how much of the oil do we get to keep that comes from places like Texas or Alaska (besides anybody from OPEC)?
No personal biases, please.
This question is under Social Sciences %26gt; Economics because I'm not sure where else it could go.How much of the oil that's refined in Texas is kept here in the U.S.?
Nearly all of it, I would expect. US capacity accounts for less than half of its consumption so there is very little outflow. While the market does something to disguise the origin of oil at the time of purchase, there's really no incentive for someone to take a tanker of oil from the US to anywhere else.
The US actually gets most of its imported oil from Canada and Mexico (non OPEC) with the Saudis coming in forth or fifth in the ranking.How much of the oil that's refined in Texas is kept here in the U.S.?
Most of the oil from alaska used to go to japan, as the japanese do not deal well with the arab nations.
that was a known statistic for years, not sure about 2008 though. Report Abuse
Oil is traded worldwide like money. If you send $100 thru western union from NY to someone in LA for example it doesnt mean that he/she will receive the same $100 bill you deposited.
In the case of oil the nearest ship carrying oil will unload regardless of source. So Texas oil might end up in Chicago and Venezuelan oil in Texas. Oil that perhaps was bought from the Saudis.
How can I determine if fish oil capsules are highly refined?
I'm looking for fish oil capsules that don't cause heartburn and burping.How can I determine if fish oil capsules are highly refined?
Even the ';refined ones'; can cause these problems...
Instead, try freezing them (i.e. put the bottle in the freezer).
It works like a charm!
-How can I determine if fish oil capsules are highly refined?
In my opinion, no one answered my question. The answers I received were how to avoid heartburn %26amp; burping with the capsules. If I had to pick a best answer among those, it would have been Yachadoo. But he didn't answer the question either. SB Report Abuse
You could avoid heartburn and burping taking a little Maalox.
look on the back
If fish oil gives you heartburn, try flax seed oil with meals.
check bodybuilding.com for more info.
Even the ';refined ones'; can cause these problems...
Instead, try freezing them (i.e. put the bottle in the freezer).
It works like a charm!
-How can I determine if fish oil capsules are highly refined?
In my opinion, no one answered my question. The answers I received were how to avoid heartburn %26amp; burping with the capsules. If I had to pick a best answer among those, it would have been Yachadoo. But he didn't answer the question either. SB Report Abuse
You could avoid heartburn and burping taking a little Maalox.
look on the back
If fish oil gives you heartburn, try flax seed oil with meals.
check bodybuilding.com for more info.
Refining crude oil Multiple choice question onli 1... ?
Which of the following pairs of moelcules could be obtained from the fractional distillation of crude oil?
(a) CH4 %26amp; C3H8
(b) H2 %26amp; CH4
(c) C2H4 %26amp; C6H6
(d) C2H2 %26amp; C2H4Refining crude oil Multiple choice question onli 1... ?
adermatologist
(a) CH4 %26amp; C3H8
(b) H2 %26amp; CH4
(c) C2H4 %26amp; C6H6
(d) C2H2 %26amp; C2H4Refining crude oil Multiple choice question onli 1... ?
a
Where can I buy cold pressed sunflower oil or refined sunflower oil?
like the type i would use for oil pullingWhere can I buy cold pressed sunflower oil or refined sunflower oil?
health food or organic food store.
health food or organic food store.
How is crude oil refined?
Can you please include all major processes.
Thanks
:)How is crude oil refined?
Most of it is done by franctional distillation, in which is uses the various boiling points of the compounds in crude oil to separate them.
Wiki will help you explain fractional distillation
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_…
Specially the industrial distillation part.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_…How is crude oil refined?
Crude oil is a heterogenous mixture of saturated hydrocarbons ranging mainly from C1 to C30 in their carbon chain.
To isolate certain species of hydrocarbon from others, the companies use a process of distillation. They put the oil in a vat at the bottom of a sort of pipe/tank which contains no oxygen, nitrogen or any other reactants. They then heat it up to a certain temprature so that it evaporates, but it doesn't react with anything.
As it travels up the pipe, they are separated from the heat source and they start to condense. The larger hydrocarbons condense first. At the first stage of distilation, you'll get hydrocarbons ranging from C25-C30-ish. The smaller hydrocarbons will condense last, and they appear toward the top of the distillation/pipe/thing. Here you'll get stuff like methane, ethane and small traces of propane. All of the smaller hydrocarbons ranging from C1 to C30-ish will be isolated somewhere in between the top and the bottom of the pipe.
C20 and onwards are hydrocarbons that are usually used to make things like candlewax and tar for roads. It's the C1-C10 stuff that's used as fuel.
Once they've isolated what they wanted, the oil companies refine their product further until they've completely isolated what they want. Most fuel uses a lot of octane, so to get enough of it, they usually have to use catalytic cracking one the larger hydrocarbons like the C15 ones to make them a lot smaller, and then refine the products into stuff like octane.
Once they've got what they want, they react the hydrocarbons with water to get stuff like 2-ethanol, 3-octanol or whatever. Once they've got the exact proportions of what they need, they mix it all together to make fuel.
I think the new E10 fuel has about ten percent ethanol, but I think that's made by fermenting corn or something. I don't know much about that, to be honest.
From Crude Oil
The problem with crude oil is that it contains hundreds of different types of hydrocarbons all mixed together. You have to separate the different types of hydrocarbons to have anything useful. Fortunately there is an easy way to separate things, and this is what oil refining is all about.
The oil refining process starts with a fractional distillation column.
Different hydrocarbon chain lengths all have progressively higher boiling points, so they can all be separated by distillation. This is what happens in an oil refinery - in one part of the process, crude oil is heated and the different chains are pulled out by their vaporization temperatures. Each different chain length has a different property that makes it useful in a different way.
Quiz Corner
Test your knowledge of oil and oil production with our Oil Shale Quiz.
To understand the diversity contained in crude oil, and to understand why refining crude oil is so important in our society, look through the following list of products that come from crude oil:
Petroleum gas - used for heating, cooking, making plastics
small alkanes (1 to 4 carbon atoms)
commonly known by the names methane, ethane, propane, butane
boiling range = less than 104 degrees Fahrenheit / 40 degrees Celsius
often liquified under pressure to create LPG (liquified petroleum gas)
Naphtha or Ligroin - intermediate that will be further processed to make gasoline
mix of 5 to 9 carbon atom alkanes
boiling range = 140 to 212 degrees Fahrenheit / 60 to 100 degrees Celsius
Gasoline - motor fuel
liquid
mix of alkanes and cycloalkanes (5 to 12 carbon atoms)
boiling range = 104 to 401 degrees Fahrenheit / 40 to 205 degrees Celsius
Kerosene - fuel for jet engines and tractors; starting material for making other products
liquid
mix of alkanes (10 to 18 carbons) and aromatics
boiling range = 350 to 617 degrees Fahrenheit / 175 to 325 degrees Celsius
Gas oil or Diesel distillate - used for diesel fuel and heating oil; starting material for making other products
liquid
alkanes containing 12 or more carbon atoms
boiling range = 482 to 662 degrees Fahrenheit / 250 to 350 degrees Celsius
Lubricating oil - used for motor oil, grease, other lubricants
liquid
long chain (20 to 50 carbon atoms) alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatics
boiling range = 572 to 700 degrees Fahrenheit / 300 to 370 degrees Celsius
Heavy gas or Fuel oil - used for industrial fuel; starting material for making other products
liquid
long chain (20 to 70 carbon atoms) alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatics
boiling range = 700 to 1112 degrees Fahrenheit / 370 to 600 degrees Celsius
Residuals - coke, asphalt, tar, waxes; starting material for making other products
solid
multiple-ringed compounds with 70 or more carbon atoms
boiling range = greater than 1112 degrees Fahrenheit / 600 degrees Celsius
You may have noticed that all of these products have different sizes and boiling ranges. Chemists take advantage of these properties when refining oil. Look at the next section to find out the details of this fascinating process.
The Refining Process
As mentioned previously, a barrel of crude oil has a mixture of all sorts of hydrocarbons in it. Oil refining separates everything into useful substances. Chemists use the following steps:
The oldest and most common way to separate things into various components (called fractions), is to do it using the differences in boiling temperature. This process is called fractional distillation. You basically heat crude oil up, let it vaporize and then condense the vapor.
Newer techniques use Chemical processing on some of the fractions to make others, in a process called conversion. Chemical processing, for example, can break longer chains into shorter ones. This allows a refinery to turn diesel fuel into gasoline depending on the demand for gasoline.
Refineries must treat the fractions to remove impurities.
Refineries combine the various fractions (processed, unprocessed) into mixtures to make desired products. For example, different mixtures of chains can create gasolines with different octane ratings.
The products are stored on-site until they can be delivered to various markets such as gas stations, airports and chemical plants. In addition to making the oil-based products, refineries must also treat the wastes involved in the processes to minimize air and water pollution.
Thanks
:)How is crude oil refined?
Most of it is done by franctional distillation, in which is uses the various boiling points of the compounds in crude oil to separate them.
Wiki will help you explain fractional distillation
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_…
Specially the industrial distillation part.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_…How is crude oil refined?
Crude oil is a heterogenous mixture of saturated hydrocarbons ranging mainly from C1 to C30 in their carbon chain.
To isolate certain species of hydrocarbon from others, the companies use a process of distillation. They put the oil in a vat at the bottom of a sort of pipe/tank which contains no oxygen, nitrogen or any other reactants. They then heat it up to a certain temprature so that it evaporates, but it doesn't react with anything.
As it travels up the pipe, they are separated from the heat source and they start to condense. The larger hydrocarbons condense first. At the first stage of distilation, you'll get hydrocarbons ranging from C25-C30-ish. The smaller hydrocarbons will condense last, and they appear toward the top of the distillation/pipe/thing. Here you'll get stuff like methane, ethane and small traces of propane. All of the smaller hydrocarbons ranging from C1 to C30-ish will be isolated somewhere in between the top and the bottom of the pipe.
C20 and onwards are hydrocarbons that are usually used to make things like candlewax and tar for roads. It's the C1-C10 stuff that's used as fuel.
Once they've isolated what they wanted, the oil companies refine their product further until they've completely isolated what they want. Most fuel uses a lot of octane, so to get enough of it, they usually have to use catalytic cracking one the larger hydrocarbons like the C15 ones to make them a lot smaller, and then refine the products into stuff like octane.
Once they've got what they want, they react the hydrocarbons with water to get stuff like 2-ethanol, 3-octanol or whatever. Once they've got the exact proportions of what they need, they mix it all together to make fuel.
I think the new E10 fuel has about ten percent ethanol, but I think that's made by fermenting corn or something. I don't know much about that, to be honest.
From Crude Oil
The problem with crude oil is that it contains hundreds of different types of hydrocarbons all mixed together. You have to separate the different types of hydrocarbons to have anything useful. Fortunately there is an easy way to separate things, and this is what oil refining is all about.
The oil refining process starts with a fractional distillation column.
Different hydrocarbon chain lengths all have progressively higher boiling points, so they can all be separated by distillation. This is what happens in an oil refinery - in one part of the process, crude oil is heated and the different chains are pulled out by their vaporization temperatures. Each different chain length has a different property that makes it useful in a different way.
Quiz Corner
Test your knowledge of oil and oil production with our Oil Shale Quiz.
To understand the diversity contained in crude oil, and to understand why refining crude oil is so important in our society, look through the following list of products that come from crude oil:
Petroleum gas - used for heating, cooking, making plastics
small alkanes (1 to 4 carbon atoms)
commonly known by the names methane, ethane, propane, butane
boiling range = less than 104 degrees Fahrenheit / 40 degrees Celsius
often liquified under pressure to create LPG (liquified petroleum gas)
Naphtha or Ligroin - intermediate that will be further processed to make gasoline
mix of 5 to 9 carbon atom alkanes
boiling range = 140 to 212 degrees Fahrenheit / 60 to 100 degrees Celsius
Gasoline - motor fuel
liquid
mix of alkanes and cycloalkanes (5 to 12 carbon atoms)
boiling range = 104 to 401 degrees Fahrenheit / 40 to 205 degrees Celsius
Kerosene - fuel for jet engines and tractors; starting material for making other products
liquid
mix of alkanes (10 to 18 carbons) and aromatics
boiling range = 350 to 617 degrees Fahrenheit / 175 to 325 degrees Celsius
Gas oil or Diesel distillate - used for diesel fuel and heating oil; starting material for making other products
liquid
alkanes containing 12 or more carbon atoms
boiling range = 482 to 662 degrees Fahrenheit / 250 to 350 degrees Celsius
Lubricating oil - used for motor oil, grease, other lubricants
liquid
long chain (20 to 50 carbon atoms) alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatics
boiling range = 572 to 700 degrees Fahrenheit / 300 to 370 degrees Celsius
Heavy gas or Fuel oil - used for industrial fuel; starting material for making other products
liquid
long chain (20 to 70 carbon atoms) alkanes, cycloalkanes, aromatics
boiling range = 700 to 1112 degrees Fahrenheit / 370 to 600 degrees Celsius
Residuals - coke, asphalt, tar, waxes; starting material for making other products
solid
multiple-ringed compounds with 70 or more carbon atoms
boiling range = greater than 1112 degrees Fahrenheit / 600 degrees Celsius
You may have noticed that all of these products have different sizes and boiling ranges. Chemists take advantage of these properties when refining oil. Look at the next section to find out the details of this fascinating process.
The Refining Process
As mentioned previously, a barrel of crude oil has a mixture of all sorts of hydrocarbons in it. Oil refining separates everything into useful substances. Chemists use the following steps:
The oldest and most common way to separate things into various components (called fractions), is to do it using the differences in boiling temperature. This process is called fractional distillation. You basically heat crude oil up, let it vaporize and then condense the vapor.
Newer techniques use Chemical processing on some of the fractions to make others, in a process called conversion. Chemical processing, for example, can break longer chains into shorter ones. This allows a refinery to turn diesel fuel into gasoline depending on the demand for gasoline.
Refineries must treat the fractions to remove impurities.
Refineries combine the various fractions (processed, unprocessed) into mixtures to make desired products. For example, different mixtures of chains can create gasolines with different octane ratings.
The products are stored on-site until they can be delivered to various markets such as gas stations, airports and chemical plants. In addition to making the oil-based products, refineries must also treat the wastes involved in the processes to minimize air and water pollution.
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